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Anatomy
Instruments
Equipment and Supplies
Pathology
Acronyms
100

Number of chambers the heart contains

What is  four chambers

100

Scissors used for cutting and dissecting fine blood vessels or  to extend an opening in a blood vessel

What are Potts Smith Scissors
100

Paddles used to convert  fibrillation  into a functional rhythm

What is a pacemaker

100

The narrowing of hollow structures  such as a blood vessel or duct

What is stenosis

100

CAD

Coronary Artery Disease
200

A double-layered membrane that encloses the heart

What is the pericardium
200

A rig spreader used for  separating ribs during thoracic surgery

What is the Turffier rib spreader

200

A machine that takes the place  of the heart and lungs  during open heart surgery

What is a cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CPB)

200

A congenital anomaly in which a hole  in the intraarterial  septum allows blood from the left atrium  to flow into the right atrium

What is an atrial septal defect
200

LIMA

Left Internal Mammary Artery
300

The lower left tip of the left ventricle of the heart

What is the apex

300

A rib rasp used for cutting and dissecting and for  removing tissue and cartilage from the ribs

What is Doyon Rib Raspatory

300
May be straight or bifurcated  made of Teflon, Dacron, or PTFE and are preferred for use on small artery anastomosis
What are grafts
300
A normal anatomical opening in the fetal heart. Closure is performed to prevent arterial blood from recirculating through the pulmonary circulation. 

What is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

300

IABP

Intra-aortic Balloon Pump
400
The three tissue layers that make up the heart wall

What is the epicardium (outer), myocardium (middle), and endocardium (inner)

400
An instrument in the cutting and dissecting category used for punching a hole in the aorta for joining cardiac bypass grafts

What is the  aortic punch

400

A type of vascular catheter used for intravenous and intraarterial access during on-pump cardiac surgery, it is tapered to match the size of the artery, and this one has a beveled end to allow for easier insertion

What is a femoral cannula

400
When the thoracic aorta has a congenital  stenosis that usually occurs near the junction of the fetal ductus arteriosus and the aorta a procedure must be performed to restore blood flow to the lower body and reduce cardiac workload

What is correction of a coarctation of the thoracic aorta

400

LVAD

Left  Ventricular Assist Device
500

The AV valve leaflets are attached to the papillary muscle of the ventricles by connective tissue called

What is chordae tendineae
500

A clamping and occlusion instrument used for  temporary occlusion of small peripheral  blood vessels

What is the  Diethrich bulldog clamp or a DeBakey bulldog clamp

500

A solution that contains various additives, the most important one is potassium chloride. It is used for intentional stoppage of all cardiac activity during cardiac surgery

What is cardioplegic solution

500

A combination of congenital defects that causes reduced pulmonary blood flow and right-to-left shunting of blood. A surgical repair is  performed to  restore normal blood flow.

What is the total correction of tetralogy of Fallot

500

AV node

Atrioventricular node