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Cardiac Values
Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesthesia Monitoring
Induction
Miscellaneous
100
60-90mL/min
What is Cardiac output
100
Placed in the aorta root and delivers cardioplegia.
What is anterograde(cardioplegia) cannula
100
You must have this before proceeding with induction
What is two peripheral IV's
100
It is recommended to continue all cardiac medications in patients about to undergo cardiac surgery except this drug.
What is diuretics
100
The normal value for ACT.
What is 90-130
200
2.5-5L/min
What is cardiac index
200
Placed in the coronary sinus (venous system) and distributes through the veins, venules and capillaries.
What is retrograde cannula
200
This side is recommended for an arterial line when the internal mammary artery is being harvested because the retractor can compress the left subclavian and it may show false low numbers
What is right radial arterial line
200
To prevent myocardial ischemia in the preoperative stage while placing lines, it is essential to avoid
What is hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, ventricular distenstion
200
The ACT must be this to go on cardiopulmonary bypass.
What is greater than 400
300
55-70%
What is Ejection Fraction
300
Placed into the right atrium or vena cava and allows for venous (deoxygenated) return of blood into the venous reservior.
What is venous cannula
300
How far do you have go with the pulmonary artery catheter to reach the pulmonary artery? (In cm)
What is 35-45cm
300
This is extremely important to control during the induction phase to prevent ischemia.
What is heart rate
300
This drug is given to reverse heparin, but must be used with caution because it can cause bradycardia
What is Protamine
400
700-1400 dyne/sec/cm5
What is systemic vascular resistance
400
Placed into the ascending aorta and allows the return of oxygenated blood from the pump back to the patient.
What is arterial cannula
400
What is a normal value pulmonary artery occulusion pressure (wedge)
What is 10mm Hg
400
What is the best choice of drugs to use for induction in a patient who is about to undergo cardiac surgery?
What is fentanyl or sufentanil supplemented by etomidate
400
This drug is recommended to give during the rewarming phase given that there is an increase chance of recall during this period.
What is versed
500
50-300 dyne/sec/cm5
What is pulmonary vascular resistance
500
Acute lung injury that results in diffuse congestion, edema, and hemorrhagic atelectasis.
What is pump lung
500
It is essential to give preoperative medication to patients before placing lines to:
What is decrease anxiety, provide amensia, provide pain relief and avoid activing the sympathetic response (increase HR, blood pressure, ventricular distenstion) and hypotension so you dont cause ischemia.
500
This muscle relaxant must be used with caution because it can cause an increase in heart rate.
What is pancuronium
500
When doing a pacemaker/AICD insertion procedure, it is recommened to do this type of anesthesia.
What is general anesthesia