The Pipes
These vessels carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
Arteries
The units blood pressure is measured in.
mmHg, millimeters of mercury
Cardiac output equals heart rate times this.
Stroke volume
The "good" lipoprotein, the cleanup crew.
HDL
How many F1 World Championships Max Verstappen has won.
4 (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024)
The only vessels where blood trades oxygen and nutrients with tissue.
Capillaries
The 120 in 120/80 is the pressure while the ventricles do this.
Squeeze (systole)
A resting heart's output, roughly, in liters per minute.
About 5
HDL hauls cholesterol back to this organ.
The liver
He won the 2025 title by just 2 points, stopping Verstappen from winning a 5th straight.
Lando Norris
Veins use these structures to keep low-pressure blood from sliding backward.
One-way valves
The reading where Stage 1 hypertension officially begins.
130 over 80
Heart rate of 90 bpm, stroke volume of 70 mL. Cardiac output in mL/min.
6,300
Plaque doesn't float in the blood. It grows here.
Inside the artery wall
2026 F1 cars get about this much of their power from electricity, up from about 20% before.
About 50% (the electric motor jumped from 120 kW to 350 kW)
Name all three wall layers, from the blood outward.
Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa
The trial from Heart in the News cut the risk of this brain condition by 15%.
Dementia (the CRHCP trial)
SV 100mL, HR is at 100bpm. Calculate cardiac output.
10L/min
LDL sneaks in through damage to this innermost layer.
The endothelium (tunica intima)
At the 2026 Chinese GP, this Mercedes driver broke Vettel's record to become the youngest pole-sitter in F1 history.
Kimi Antonelli
Name the three capillary types from the diagram.
Continuous, fenestrated, sinusoidal
Preload stretches the ventricle. Afterload is the pressure needed to shove THIS valve open.
The aortic valve
New runner: SV 90 mL, HR steady at 100 bpm for 3 minutes. Total LITERS pumped.
27 liters (90 × 100 × 3 = 27,000 mL)
Plaque narrows and stiffens arteries, driving up this load on the heart.
Afterload
Name all of Max Verstappen's "youngest ever" F1 records he still holds.
Youngest to start a race (17, Australia 2015), youngest points scorer (17, Malaysia 2015), youngest podium AND youngest race winner (18, Spain 2016)