Cardiovascular
What leads to flow in blood vessels?
Changes in pressure
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What type of digestion breaks larger pieces of food into smaller pieces?
mechanical digestion
What are the top chambers of the heart called?
atria
Draw an ECG wave, label the P wave, and describe what it means
depolarization of atria
What maintains one-way flow?
Valves
What are the three functions of nephrons?
filtration, reabsorption, secretion
What are the wavelike contractions in the alimentary canal called?
peristalsis
What is systole?
contraction
Which organ secretes bile?
liver
Radius
Where does filtration occur?
glomerulus
Which organ starts digesting proteins?
stomach
What cardiac tissue structures allow for fast spread of action potential?
gap junctions or intercalated discs
What is the period when a muscle can't receive a new action potential and can't fire again?
Refractory period
Why are autorhythmic cells able to create their own action potentials?
Their sodium channels are always open
What function of the kidney is not performed in the nephrons?
Excretion
What structure increases surface area in the digestive tract?
villi
What sound occurs during isovolumic ventricular contraction?
"lub" or first sound
What process is hidden during the QRS complex of the ECG wave?
atrial repolarization
Draw an action potential of a contractile cell
depolarization (Na enters)
plateau (Ca enters)
repolarization (K exits)
Draw the functional unit of the kidney and label at least four parts
Nephron: bowman's capsule/glomerulus, PCT, descending & ascending loop of Henle, DCT, collecting duct
Which biomolecules does pancreatic juice breakdown?
carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, and proteins
What is the order of electrical conduction through major structures of the heart?
SA node --> AV node --> atria --> ventricles
What formula could you use to determine amount of urine excreted?
amount filtered at glomerulus
-amount reabsorbed
+amount secreted
=amount excreted in urine