EP I
Automaticity, excitability, conductivity, and contractility
What are properties of cardiac cells?
Opposes the funny current
What is overdrive suppression?
Atrial depolarization
What is the P wave?
Where most oxygen consumption occurs
What is isovolumetric contraction?
The amount of blood flowing back to the atria each minute
What is venous return?
rapid sodium influx
What is phase 0 (upstroke) of a fast AP due to?
Fastest conduction of all of the cardiac cells
What are Purkinje cells? (WHY?)
View heart in the frontal plane
What are limb leads?
Pressure during filling of the ventricle
What is preload?
HR x SV
Inward depolarizing current
What is the funny (If) current?
Structural and electrical continuity between myocytes
What are intercalated discs?
Interval between consecutive QRS complexes
What is the RR interval?
Marker of systolic function
What is ESV? (Extra: where is it located on a PV loop)
Vascular function curve shifted to the left
What is decreased CO?
Shorter plateau phase, shorter duration, less negative RMP
What is the atrial AP?
Occur at slow heart rates (an example would be Torsades de Pointes)
What are EADs?
Corresponds to phase 2 of the fast AP
What is the ST segment?
a wave on Wigger’s diagram
What is atrial contraction?
Primary determinant of diastolic blood pressure
What is TPR?
Primarily due to calcium influx
What is phase I of the fast AP?
Re-entry where bypass tract establishes a second conduction pathway
What is Wolf-Parkinso-White syndrome? (I.e. re-enterant tachycardia)
Normal axis
What is -30 to +90 (degrees)?
Ends with closure of the aortic valve
What is ventricular ejection?
Preload, contractility, and afterload
What are the major determinants of stroke volume?