Show:
Hemotology
Anemia
Valvular Heart Disease
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Vascular Disease
100
A common cause for an increase in RBC.
What is hypoxia?
100
A common medication used to increase the production of RBCs and plasma in the bone marrow for patients with anemia.
What is Erythropoietin (Epogen)?
100
A condition where the leaflets of the heart valve does not close tightly which causes the blood to flow backwards.
What is valvular insufficiency/regurgitation?
100
A nurse is performing an initial assessment on a recently admitted patient and notices splinter hemorrhages. The nurse knows that this is a symptom of ______ endocarditis.
What is infective endocarditis?
100
A patient develops a DVT after being on bedrest following left hip surgery. The nurse knows that the clot was most likely formed due to what occurrence in the blood.
What is venous stasis? Occurs as a result of a decrease in the movement of blood following immobility.
200
List the 5 types of WBCs.
What is Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils, Neutrophils?
200
The nurse knows that the primary purpose of this test is to show the absorption of vitamin B12.
What is the Schillings test? The Schilling’s test helps diagnose pernicious anemia by determining the client’s ability to absorb vitamin B12. Result should be decreased to show a decrease in the absorption of B12.
200
The nurse expects that a patient with mitral stenosis would demonstrate symptoms associated with congestion in the: A. Aorta B. Right atrium C. Superior vena cava D. Pulmonary circulation
What is D. Pulmonary circulation? When mitral stenosis is present, the left atrium has difficulty emptying its contents into the left ventricle. Because there is no valve to prevent backward flow into the pulmonary vein, the pulmonary circulation is under pressure causing pulmonary congestion.
200
The doctor orders a ASO titer and throat cultures on a patient recently admitted with an inflammatory heart disease. The nurse knows that these tests are typical for patients with what type of heart disease?
What is Rheumatic heart disease? ASO titer and throat cultures are used to identify antibodies or bacteria from a streptococcal infection.
200
The nurse receives report on a patient being admitted for DVT and on IV heparin. The nurse anticipates that which of the following labs will be ordered routinely during the patients hospital stay: A. ABGs B. aPTT C. D-dimer D. None of the above
What is B. aPTT? aPTT helps evaluate the ability to form blood clots (30 to 40 seconds, 1.5 to 2 times normal value for anticoagulation).
300
A patient has the following blood lab values: PLT 50,000/uL, RBC 3.5 million, Hgb 10 g/dL, Hct 30%, WBC 10,000/uL. What nursing instruction should be priority in a teaching plan?
What is bleeding precautions? Low PLT levels indicate thrombocytopenia, therefore our priority is the pt's high risk for bleeding. Normal Labs: PLT 150,000-400,000/uL.
300
The nurse understands that the client with pernicious anemia will have which distinguishing laboratory findings? A. Schilling’s test: elevated B. Intrinsic factor: absent C. Sedimentation rate 16 mm/hour D. RBCs 5.0 million
What is B. Intrinsic factor: absent? A defining characteristic of pernicious anemia is the lack of the intrinsic factor. Without the intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed in the small intestines.
300
A patient with valvular heart disease is experiencing the following symptoms: palpitations, crackles, fatigue, dyspnea, and a decrease in cardiac output. The nurse knows that these are all signs of _______ valve damage.
What is left sided valve damage or mitral/aortic valve damage?
300
A 20 y.o. pt has acute right-sided infective endocarditis. while obtaining a nursing history, the nurse specifically asks the patient about which of the following: IV drug abuse, a recent urinary tract infection, a recent professional teeth cleaning, rheumatic fever without a heart murmur.
What is IV drug abuse? Common causes of infective endocarditis is IV drug abuse or cardiac malformations.
300
A nurse understands the key symptoms of an arterial occlusion when assessing: BLE skin appearance and temperature, pulse changes, and: Discuss A. increase of BP B. vericose Veins C. increased WBC D. pain
What is D. pain?
400
Known as a blood condition that is characterized by low levels of neutrophils, which are the white blood cells that protect your body from bacterial infections.
What is Neutropenia? Normal: 55-70% or 2500-8000/mm3
400
A patient with sickle cell anemia is in a vaso-occlusive crisis (sickle cell crisis). Which of the following would be priority nursing interventions? (select all that apply) A. administer oxygen B. decrease hydration C. manage pain D. promote activity E. encourage rest
What is A, C, and E?
400
A 50 y.o. woman is scheduled to undergo mitral valve replacement for severe mitral stenosis and regurgitation. Although the diagnosis was made during childhood, she did not have any symptoms until 4 years ago. Recently, she noticed increased symptoms, despite daily doses of digoxin and furosemide. During the initial interview, the nurse would most likely learn that the client’s childhood health history included....
What is Rheumatic fever?
400
A patient with a history of a myocardial infarction 2 days ago reports chest pain that is worse on inspiration but is relieved when he sits and leans forward. Based on this finding, what does the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?
What is Pericarditis?
400
Which of the following sounds is distinctly heard on auscultation over the abdominal region of an abdominal aortic aneurysm patient? A. bruit B. crackles C. dullness D. friction rubs
What is A. bruit? A bruit, is a vascular sound resembling a heart murmur, suggests partial arterial occlusion. Crackles are indicative of fluid in the lungs. Dullness is heard over solid organs, such as the liver. Friction rubs indicate inflammation of the peritoneal surface.
500
A female patient is admitted to the unit with a Hgb 9, Hct 35%. The priority nursing intervention for this patient is....
What is energy conservation? Low Hgb indicates a decrease in O2 consumption by the body, therefore our priority nursing intervention is to conserve energy.
500
An adult male has just been diagnosed with anemia. The results of his blood tests show: decreased WBC, normal RBC, decreased HCT, decreased Hgb. Based on this data, which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis: A. Potential for infection B. Alteration in nutrition C. Self-care deficit D. Fluid volume excess
What is A. potential for infection?
500
A patient is placed on Digoxin for valvular heart disease to improve contractility. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Dig. toxicity? A. nausea/vomitting B. tachycardia C. confusion D. fatigue
What is B. tachycardia? Digoxin decreases HR causing bradycardia.
500
The nurse is caring for a patient with an inflammatory heart disease. which of the following is a priority nursing consideration? A. monitor temperature B. auscultate heart sounds C. obtain throat culture D. check ABG and SaO2 results
What is D. check ABG and SaO2 results? Follow our ABCs! We need to check the patients oxygenation status!
500
Which of the following groups of symptoms indicated a ruptured abdominal aneurysm? A. lower back pain, ↑ BP, ↓ RBC, ↑ WBC B. severe lower back pain, ↓ BP, ↓ RBC, ↑ WBC C. severe lower back pain, ↓ BP, ↓ RBC, ↓ WBC D. intermittent lower back pain, ↓ BP, ↓ RBC, ↑ WBC
What is B. severe lower back pain, ↓ BP, ↓ RBC, ↑ WBC? Severe lower back pain indicates an aneurysm rupture, secondary to pressure being applied within the abdominal cavity. When the rupture occurs, the pain is constant because it can’t be alleviated until the aneurysm is repaired. Blood pressure decreases due to the loss of blood. After the aneurysm ruptures, the vasculature is interrupted and blood volume is lost = decreased BP. For the same reason, the RBC count is decreased. The WBC count increases as cells migrate to the site of injury.