Arrhythmias & Antiarrhythmics
Coronary Chaos
Heart Failure
Valves & Murmurs
Cardiology Grab Bag
100
Interpret EKG
Third Degree AV Block
100
RV infarction: which drug should you avoid?
Nitrates
100
Black patient, NYHA III–IV despite GDMT: add?
Hydralazine/isosorbide
100
Which murmur becomes louder with Valsalva?
HCM
100
Acute pericarditis treatment?
NSAID + colchicine
200
Stable AF with WPW: drug of choice?
Procainamide
200
Posterior MI: diagnostic leads?
V7–V9
200
HFrEF on ACE inhibitor: required washout before starting sacubitril/valsartan?
36 hours
200
Opening snap followed by diastolic rumble?
Mitral stenosis
200
Name Beck triad
hypotension, JVD, and muffled heart sounds
300
Torsades treatment?
IV magnesium
300
Which lead is most sensitive for RV infarction?
V4R
300
HFrEF with sinus rhythm, HR ≥70 despite maximally tolerated medical therapy: add what?
Ivabradine
300
Severe AS + GI bleeding from angiodysplasia?
Heyde syndrome
300
Electrical alternans suggests what diagnosis?
Cardiac tamponade
400
Which antiarrhythmics are preferred for rhythm control of AF in HFrEF?
Amiodarone or dofetilide.
400
Coronary dominance is defined by which artery’s origin
PDA
400
HFrEF patient develops hyperkalemia after starting spironolactone. At what K should MRA be discontinued?
≥6.0 mEq/L
400
Rhythmic head bobbing is associated with which valvular disease? Double points if you can name the sign.
Answer: Aortic regurgitation
Double points: De Musset sign
400
Kussmaul's sign + CXR shown below. Diagnosis?
Constrictive pericarditis
500
Diagnostic tool to distinguishes ventricular tachycardia from supraventricular tachycardia.
Brugada Criteria
500
ST elevation in aVR with diffuse ST depression suggests what high-risk anatomy?
Left main / multivessel ischemia
500
Cardiac index cutoff commonly used to define low output/cardiogenic shock?
<2.2 L/min/m²
500
In paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient AS, what CT finding can confirm severe AS?
High aortic valve calcium score
High-yield thresholds: ≥2,000 AU in men and ≥1,200 AU in women strongly support severe AS.
500
Young patient with unexplained complete heart block, ventricular arrhythmias, and patchy basal septal LGE on cardiac MRI. Diagnosis?
Cardiac sarcoidosis