Diseases
Which congenital disease shows a boot-shaped heart?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which condition is associated with a "machine-like murmur"?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Which type of shock is most associated with major blood loss?
Hemorrhagic Shock
Which arrhythmia shows a sawtooth pattern on an EKG?
Atrial Flutter
Which condition presents with angina relieved by rest and nitroglycerin?
Stable Angina
Which condition is known for pulsus paradoxus?
Cardiac Tamponade
What condition would be most likely in a child with bounding pulses in their arms, but decreased pulses in their legs
Coarctation of the Aorta
In septic shock, this class of medications must be started within the first hour to control the underlying infection and improve survival
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics
Which arrhythmia shows an irregularly irregular rhythm?
Atrial Fibrillation
For a patient with an inferior myocardial infarction complicated by Right Ventricular (RV) MI and presenting with hypotension, the critical first-line intervention is to administer this in order to increase preload and maintain cardiac output is?
Intravenous Fluid Bolus (Normal Saline)
Which disease presents with diffuse ST elevation and friction rub?
Pericarditis
Which condition is characterized by a fixed wide split S2?
Atrial Septal Defect
In neurogenic shock, this vital sign abnormality—unlike in most other forms of shock—often appears due to loss of sympathetic tone below the level of spinal cord injury
Bradycardia
What anti-muscarinic medication is the first line treatment for symptomatic sinus bradycardia
Atropine
Which disease uses high-dose steroids immediately due to fear of blindness?
Giant Cell Arteritis
What is the most common cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy, leading to reduced ventricular compliance
This cyanotic congenital heart disease is defined by 4 classic cardiac abnormalities. Name three of the four structural defects that characterize TOF.
Interventricular septal defect
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Overriding Aorta
Pulmonic Stenosis
Which type of shock presents with hypotension and JVD, and clear lungs?
Obstructive Shock
Which arrhythmia, commonly due to hypomagnesemia, is associated with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and prolonged QT?
Torsades de Pointes
For the specific and most critical hypertensive emergency of acute aortic dissection, this is the immediate blood pressure target (SBP) and the preferred first-line IV agent class to reduce aortic shear stress
A systolic blood pressure of <120 mmHg and intravenous beta blockers
This classic skin finding of chronic venous insufficiency results from long-standing venous hypertension causing red-brown discoloration around the ankles due to hemosiderin deposition
Stasis Dermatitis
Decades after an initial infection with Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, the resulting inflammatory damage to the mitral valve, characterized by leaflet thickening and commissural fusion, makes this condition the most common cause of mitral stenosis in adults worldwide
Rheumatic Heart Disease
This type of shock occurs when the heart fails to pump effectively, often presenting with cool, clammy skin, distended neck veins, and pulmonary edema despite adequate intravascular volume.
Cardiogenic Shock
Which arrhythmia results from failure of the SA node, producing alternating bradycardia and tachycardia?
Sick Sinus Syndrome
This medication class is the primary treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
ACE Inhibitors