Blood
What are three functions of blood?
Transport; regulation; protection
What instrument measures vital capacity?
Spirometer
What is the major function of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange (CO2 and O2)
This increases to about 25 litres during exercise
cardiac output
What is the body's largest blood vessel that transports blood from body back to the heart?
Vena Cava
What is the difference between the Artery & the Vein?
The artery carries blood away from the heart and the Vein carries blood back to the heart.
Which is inferior: atria (atriums) or ventricles?
Ventricles.
We need oxygen in our cells to complete:
a) photosynthesis
OR
b) cellular respiration
B) cellular respiration
Identify 5 acute responses to the Cardiovascular system from Physical Activity.
Increased stroke volume, Increased cardiac output, Increased blood pressure, increased blood flow redistribution, Increased A-VO2.
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
Define Vasodilation & Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation: A process whereby blood vessels increase their diameter causing an increase in blood flow.
Vasoconstriction: A process whereby blood vessels narrow or constrict, causing a decrease in blood flow.
True or false:
Pulmonary veins are found on the left side of the heart.
True.
Pulmonary veins are on the left and pulmonary arterys are on the right.
Which lung has two lobes? Which has three lobes?
left; right
This is the equation for cardiac output
Cardiac Output= stroke volume x HR
What is the left ventricle responsible for?
Sending the oxygenated blood out to the body
Blood cells contain hemoglobin. What does it do?
Hemoglobin: protein that binds and carries oxygen
Arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart and veins carry blood TOWARDS the heart. True or false?
True!
Describe the pathway air takes to enter our body all the way to the alveoli.
nasal cavity - pharynx - larynx - trachea - bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli
Baroreceptors play a crucial role in controlling
Blood pressure
What do the tricuspid and bicuspid valves control?
Define Stroke Volume.
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat (contraction) of the heart.
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial node
What is the relationship between pressure and volume changes that causes air to flow in and out of the lungs?
When our diaphragm contracts, it allows more volume to enter our lungs. This causes a decrease in pressure that allows air to enter our lungs since it moves from high to low pressure.
They detect an increase in carbon dioxide
chemoreceptors
Anticipatory Rise is caused by an increase in activity from the
Sympathetic nervous system.