Heart structure and function
Valves - Bicuspid and Tricuspid
These blood vessels carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
Tiny air sacs in the lungs are where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
The number of breaths taken per minute, which increases during exercise.
Respiratory Rate
What chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body
Left ventricle
These vessels are the site of gas exchange between blood and tissues
Capillaries
This muscle contracts and flattens to allow inhalation
Diaphragm
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per beat, which increases during exercise
Stroke volume
What are 3 functions of the cardiovascular system?
circulate blood - bring O2 , water & nutrients to the cells - take CO2 & other wastes away from the cells - maintain body temperature and hydration - fight disease - blood clotting
These vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Pulmonary Veins
This is the process where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it in the lungs.
Gaseous Exchange
This process helps maintain a stable body temperature during exercise by balancing heat production and heat loss.
Thermoregulation
What is the correct order of blood flow through the heart starting from the right atrium
right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle
This process narrows blood vessels to reduce blood flow
Vasoconstriction
This process describes the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes from high to low concentration.
Diffusion
This response increases blood flow to the skin to help cool the body
Vasodilation
List the 4 components of blood
Red blood cells, White blood cells, Plasma, Platelets
This formula is used to calculate minute ventilation
TV x RR or Tidal Volume x Respiratory Rate