Cardiovascular

Medical Terminology

100

What does the prefix peri- mean in medical terms?

Surrounding

200

Define endocarditis

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

300

What is the meaning of arteri/o/sclerosis?

Hardening of the arteries.

400

What is echo/cardi/o/gram?

A record of the heart using reflected sound waves.

500

What is the medical term for surgical repair of a heart valve, and how is the term broken down into its word parts?  

Valvuloplasty.

• Valvulo- refers to a valve.
• -plasty refers to surgical repair.

Anatomy of the Heart

100

Name the two lower chambers of the heart.

Ventricles.

200

What structure separates the left and right sides of the heart?

Septum.

300

Which valve regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Mitral (bicuspid) valve

400

Which structure sends oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?

Aorta

500

Which layer of the heart is responsible for contraction?

Myocardium

Blood Flow and Circulation

100

What is the purpose of pulmonary circulation?

To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation and return oxygenated blood to the heart.

200

During pulmonary circulation, where does blood go after the pulmonary artery?

The lungs

300

What type of blood is carried by the pulmonary veins?

Oxygenated blood

400

What is happens during systole?

The ventricles contract

500

Explain the difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation.

Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart, while pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.

Diagnostic Tests

100

What does an EKG measure?

The electrical activity of the heart

200

What test uses sound waves to visualize the heart’s structure and function?

Echocardiogram

300

What are the two values recorded during a blood pressure measurement, and what do they represent?

• Systolic pressure: The higher value, measuring the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts.
• Diastolic pressure: The lower value, measuring the pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats.

400

What test measures how the heart performs under physical exertion?

Stress test

500

What diagnostic procedure uses contrast dye to view blood vessels?

Angiography

Signs & Symptoms

100

Is a result of improper valve closure in the heart. 

Murmur

200

What does cyanosis indicate?

Low oxygen levels in the blood, leading to a bluish discoloration of the skin.

300

What is the term for chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart?

Angina

400

Define palpitation

A sensation of a rapid, irregular, or pounding heartbeat

500

Differentiate between atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation

Atrial flutter is a rapid but regular rhythm, while atrial fibrillation is rapid and irregular, causing disorganized heart contractions.