Which phase of the action potential does calcium move into the cell?
100
Actin
What is normally bound to Troponin C?
100
Calmodulin-Calcium Complex
What is the name of the complex formed when intracellular concentrations of calcium are elevated?
100
Nitric oxide
What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by nitric oxide synthetase?
100
Calcium Channel
Which channel is involved in phase 2 of the action potential?
200
Voltage
What type of stimulus is needed to open the calcium channel?
200
Phosphorylated
What form of myosin can interact with actin to produce vascular smooth muscle contraction?
200
Myosin light chain kinase
What is the name of the enzyme that is activated by the calmodulin-calcium complex?
200
Strategy #1
What is the mechanism of action of nitric oxide that involves guanylate cyclase and protein kinase G?
200
Closed Calcium Channel
What is the effect on the calcium channel when there are low intracellular potassium levels?
300
Arylalkylamines
Which class of calcium channel blockers binds to the intracellular side of the calcium channel?
300
Troponin C-Calcium complex
What complex is formed when intracellular levels of calcium are elevated?
300
Phosphorylated Myosin
What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by myosin light chain kinase?
300
Myosin light chain phosphorylase
What is the name of the enzyme in Strategy #2 (nitric oxide mechanism of action) that removes a phosphate from myosin?
300
Potassium Channel Opener
What type of drug causes intracellular levels of potassium to fall?
400
Benzothiazepines
Which class of calcium channel blockers has the least affinity for the L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle?
400
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the location of the secondary source of calcium release into the cell?
400
Decreased vascular smooth muscle contraction
What is the physiological result of administering a dihydropyridine?
400
Glutathione
What is the name of a thiol donor necessary in the activation of nitrate esters to nitric oxide?
400
Sodium
Which ion flows into the the cell in early Phase 2 that triggers an influx of calcium?
500
Dihydropyridines
Which class of calcium channel blockers contains an ionizable amine, but is not ionized at physiological pH?
500
Decreased cardiac muscle contraction
What is physiological result from administration of a calcium channel blocker (e.g. verapamil)?
500
Intramembrane location
What is the location of the binding of the calcium channel blockers with the greatest affinity for the L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle?
500
Nitrate tolerance
What is the result of the consumption of all endogenous thiol donors?
500
Hydralazine
What is the name of a drug that prevents calcium channel opening and stimulates the formation of nitric oxide?