Know Your Basics
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
To transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body
What common dietary ingredient is a major risk factor for high blood pressure?
Salt / Sodium
What kind of diet is recommended to lower blood pressure?
DASH diet - Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
What is the name of the device used to measure blood pressure?
Sphygmomanometer
What class of drugs is commonly prescribed for hypertension?
ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers
What condition is characterized by high blood pressure over an extended period of time?
Hypertension
How does obesity increase the risk for both hypertension and type 2 diabetes?
It increases insulin resistance and blood pressure
How many minutes of moderate-intensity exercise are recommended per week to reduce cardiovascular risk?
At least 150 minutes
Why is regular blood glucose monitoring important for diabetics?
To manage blood sugar and avoid complications
What is insulin used for?
To manage blood sugar levels in people with diabetes
What hormone-regulating organ is involved in diabetes?
The pancreas
Which habit, often linked to addiction, significantly raises cardiovascular risk?
Smoking
Which beverage, when overconsumed, can raise blood pressure and blood sugar levels?
Sugary drinks / Soft drinks
What does an A1C test measure?
Average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months
Name one non-pharmacological treatment strategy for high blood pressure.
Lifestyle changes like diet and exercise
What is systolic pressure, and what does it represent in a blood pressure reading?
It’s the top number, representing pressure when the heart beats
How does chronic stress impact blood pressure?
It triggers hormonal responses that raise blood pressure
Why is limiting alcohol consumption important for preventing hypertension?
Alcohol can raise blood pressure and contribute to weight gain
What is “white coat hypertension”?
Higher blood pressure readings in a medical setting due to anxiety
What is the role of metformin in diabetes management?
It reduces glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity
What is the term for the chronic inflammation of blood vessels that contributes to heart disease?
Atherosclerosis
Which ethnic or racial group is at higher risk for hypertension in the U.S.?
African Americans
What lifestyle practice, involving breathing and mindfulness, can help prevent high blood pressure?
Meditation or stress-reduction techniques
How often should adults get their blood pressure checked if they are at risk?
At least once a year or more frequently if advised
What combination of strategies is most effective in managing both hypertension and diabetes?
Medication, diet, exercise, and stress management