Anatomy of the Heart
The heart is a first-shaped organ located in the center of the chest that acts as the main pump of the circulatory system. How many chambers does the heart have?
Four
What side of the heart would you expect deoxygenated blood to enter?
Right Side
These vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
Arteries
This is known as the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle
Systole
This is the outer layer of the heart that protects the heart and contains coronary blood vessels?
Epicardium
This is a quick and painless test to record the electrical events of the heart and diagnose potential heart problems.
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
What separates the left side and right side of the heart that ensures efficient blood circulation?
The Septum
What chamber of the heart receives blood from the pulmonary circuit?
Left Atrium
These are small single-celled vessels that are the primary site for gas and nutrient exchange within tissues and bloodThis is the organ that regulates blood pressure.
Capillaries
A small cluster of specialized cells in the upper right atrium that spontaneously generates electrical impulse known as the heart’s pacemaker?
SA Node
This is a medical emergency where blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted, depriving the brain of oxygen and nutrients.
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
Within an ECG this is the smaller wave that follows the QRS spike which indicates that the ventricles are resetting and resting.
T wave
These are tough fibrous elastic tissues that connect the AV valves to the papillary muscles (commonly known as heartstrings).
Chordae Tendinea
Oxygen poor blood returns from the body via the ________ which then enters the right atrium.
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
These are small in diameter that branch from arteries to help control blood flow into capillary beds.
Arterioles
This is a component of the conducting system that receives the signal and allows for the ventricles to fill with blood
AV Node
This hormone decreases heart rate by reducing the firing of the SA node.
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Within the ECG this is the small initial wave representing atrial contraction (top two chambers).
P wave
This is the sac surrounding the heart containing fluid that reduces friction between heart beats?
Pericardium
The right atrium contracts which pushes blood through the _______ valve into the right ventricle
Tricuspid
These arteries are very close to the heart and are designed to manage high blood pressure flow.This is the purpose of atrial natriuretic hormone.
Elastic Arteries
Within the conducting system these are responsible for rapidly conducting electrical impulses throughout the myocardium?
Purkinje Fibers
This is the middle layer of the heart and also the thickest layer composed of cardiac muscle fibers responsible for contracting and pumping blood
Myocardium
Within the ECG this is the large, sharp spike representing ventricular contraction (bottom two chambers)
QRS complex
The two AV valves are located between the atria and ventricles of the heart, controlling blood flow and preventing backflow into the atria during ventricular contraction. What are they?
Tricuspid Valve + Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve
The left ventricle is the strongest chamber and pumps oxygenated blood through the _______valve into the aorta to supply the entire body with blood.
Aortic
Within the distribution of blood in the cardiovascular system, the heart, arteries and capillaries make up approximately what percentage of blood volume?
30-35%
A critical component of the heart's electrical conduction system, transmits impulses from the AV Node to the ventriclesThis is the length of the delay between SA node and the AV node.
Bundle of His (AV Bundle)
Normal Blood pressure is a healthy human is classified by 120/80 mmHg
120 refers to ________ and 80 refers to _________
Systolic Pressure + Diastolic Pressure
Within the ECG, this is the time required for ventricles to undergo a single cycle of depolarization and repolarization.
Q–T interval