Terminology
Slow rhythm characterized by a pulse rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute.
Bradycardia
Forms the bulk of the heart wall and is the thickest and strongest layer of the heart.
Myocardium
In this diagnostic procedure, a "cold" spot indicates inadequate perfusion.
Thallium scan
The cardiac conduction system goes in this order:
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers.
This medication may be administered to a patient with Atrial fibrillation to increase cardiac contractility, decrease heart rate, and reduce the speed of electrical conduction, resulting in more effective pumping action and increased cardiac output.
Digoxin
An abnormal condition in which the myocardium contracts regularly but at a rate greater than 100 beats per minute.
Tachycardia
The node that initiates electrical impulses
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
This cardiac enzyme is specific to myocardial damage and is the gold standard for diagnosing a myocardial infarction.
Troponin I
This pulse site should be auscultated for a full minute for patients with an irregular rhythm.
Apical
Warfarin is administered to patients with atrial fibrillation for the purpose of __________.
Stroke prevention
Any disturbance or abnormality in a normal rhythmic pattern, specifically irregularity in the normal rhythm of the heart.
Dysrhythmia
When the AV (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral) valves close, it creates this sound.
S1 (Lub)
Total Cholesterol should be ______.
Less than 200
This waveform on the EKG represents ventricular repolarization (recovery/relaxation period of the ventricles; refilling time).
ST segment
The antidote for Warfarin
Vitamin K
An abnormal deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood
Hypoxemia
When the semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) valves close, it creates this sound.
S2 (dub)
An order for an MRI should be questioned if the patient has this.
Artificial pacemaker
This waveform represents atrial depolarization (atrial contraction).
P wave
Patients taking warfarin should be advised to limit and keep a consistent consumption of this type of food.
Green leafy vegetables
Restoration of the heart’s normal sinus rhythm by delivery of a synchronized electric shock through two metal paddles placed on the patient’s chest.
Cardioversion
Heart Rate * Stroke Volume =
Cardiac Output
HDL should be ____.
Greater than 50 - the higher, the better.
This waveform represents ventricular depolarization (ventricular contraction).
QRS Complex
Patients taking warfarin or heparin should be placed on bleeding precautions which involves:
Electric razor; soft bristle toothbrush; carefully watching for unexplained/excessive bleeding or bruising.
The ability of cardiac cells to generate an electrical impulse without any external stimuli.
Automaticity
Blood flows from the right atrium through what valve into the right ventricle.
Tricuspid
Following this procedure, the nurse should do frequent circulatory assessments and monitor for bleeding and/or hematoma.
Cardiac catheterization/angiography
This waveform is atypical and represents late ventricular repolarization.
U wave
This lab value should be closely monitored for patients taking warfarin.
INR
The ability of cardiac cells to respond to an electrical impulse.
Excitability
These types of blood vessels carried oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Arteries
An allergy to ____ would be a cause for concern for a patient scheduled for a procedure involving contrast dye.
shellfish/iodine
This regular rhythm has a 100-120 bpm rate, p waves, QRS complexes, and t waves.
Sinus tachycardia
Hypokalemia places patients at an increased risk for toxicity of this medication
Digoxin
The ability of cardiac cells to transmit an electrical impulse from one cell to another.
Conductivity
These types of blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Veins
This diagnostic procedure should be done for a patient with hyperkalemia.
12-Lead EKG
Multiple consecutive PVCs with the absence of P waves may progress into this dysrhythmia and ultimately result in death if not treated.
Ventricular tachycardia
Anorexia, GI upset, and green/yellow halos around lights are manifestations of _______.
Digoxin toxicity
The termination of ventricular fibrillation by delivering a direct electrical countershock to the precordium.
Defibrillation
The SA node initiates electrical impulses at a rate of _____ per minute.
60 - 100
This cardiac marker peaks 24 hours after the onset of chest pain.
CK-MB
This rhythm is characterized by a highly irregular rhythm and absent p waves.
Atrial fibrillation
Symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) unresolved with vagal maneuvers may be treated pharmacologically with this medication.
Adenosine
Decreased blood supply to a body organ or part, often marked by pain and organ dysfunction.
Ischemia
When the SA node fails, the AV initiates electrical impulses at a rate of _____ per minute.
40-60
For this diagnostic procedure, the patient should be wiped clean with alcohol swabs and the patient should be instructed to be still and breathe normally.
EKG
This rhythm is regular, slow, and may be treated medically with Atropine.
Sinus bradycardia
This medication may be administered in the event of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia (with or without a pulse), or cardiac arrest.
Amiodarone
This type of change commonly occurs with the aging process and places patients at risk for decreased peripheral circulation.
Sclerosis
The normal ejection fraction is 55% or higher. 40-55% indicates ______ and less than 40% indicates ______.
moderate heart failure; severe cardiac disease
A patient should never remove this device for any reason without permission from the healthcare provider.
Telemetry/Holter monitor
A patient with PVCs will present with this objective finding:
irregular pulse
Beta blockers end in
LOL