Show:
Vascular Obstruction
Pressure Problems
Pump Dysfunction
VTE
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
100

Atherosclerosis is known for the buildup of what in the arterial system

What is: plaque

100

A patient with stage 2 hypertension will have a systolic blood pressure of what? 

What is: 140 or higher

100

Name the 2 categories of heart failure

what is: systolic and diastolic heart failure. Also correct: right sided and left sided heart failure

100

The disease venous thromboembolism (VTE) encompasses which 2 cardiovascular conditions? 

What is DVT and PE

100

Valves in the veins help to move the blood back to the heart in a "one way" or "two way" direction? 

What is "one way" 

200

Name a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis

What is: 

  • Smoking

  • High blood pressure (hypertension)

  • High LDL (“bad”) cholesterol

  • Low HDL (“good”) cholesterol

  • Diabetes or insulin resistance

  • Physical inactivity

  • Obesity or high BMI

  • Poor diet (high in saturated fats, trans fats, added sugars)

200

This cardiovascular disease is known as a "silent killer" 

What is: Hypertension

200

DIastolic heart failure is characterized by: "heart can't fill" or "heart can't pump"

What is: "heart can't fill" 

200

A blood clot in a vein that breaks off is called what? 

What is: embolism

200

This occurs when a patient with chronic venous insufficiency has decreased blood flow back to the heart

what is: decreased venous return or decreased cardiac output

300

A myocardial infarction occurs when there is a blockage to what type of artery? 

What is: coronary artery

300

Name one risk factor for hypertension

What is: 

  • High sodium intake

  • Obesity or high body mass index (BMI)

  • Sedentary lifestyle

  • Excessive alcohol consumption

  • Smoking

  • Chronic stress

  • Aging

  • Family history of hypertension

  • Diabetes or insulin resistance

  • Kidney disease

  • Obstructive sleep apnea

  • Low potassium intake

  • Certain medications (e.g., NSAIDs, steroids,decongestants)

  • Hormonal disorders (e.g., hyperaldosteronism, thyroiddisease)


300

A patient with heart failure has backwards flow of blood from the left ventricle. Where will this back flow of blood affect? 

What is: mitral valve, left atrium, lungs

300

Name one risk factor for VTE

what is: 

  • Previous VTE

  • Age: Over 55-60 years

  • Active cancer or cancer treatment  

  • Severe infection

  • Oral contraceptives/ hormonal replacement

  • Pregnancy through 6 weeks postpartum

  • Immobility*

  • Bedrest, flight travel, fractures

  • Surgery*

  • Anesthesia

  • Inherited thrombophilia

  • Causes issues with blood clotting

  • Obesity

  • One or more significant medical comorbidities

300

Name one risk factor for chronic venous insufficiency  

  • Inadequate LE muscle action

  • Incompetent venous valves

  • Venous obstruction 

  • Family history

  • Genetics

  • Obesity

  • Prolonged standing

  • Sedentary lifestyle

  • Smoking

  • Female hormones 

400

Name a symptom of myocardial infarction

What is: 

  • Left sided chest pain radiatinginto the left jaw and left arm

  • Dizziness

  • Nausea

  • Shortness of breath

  • Sweating

  • In females: 

    • Most common symptom

    • FATIGUE

    • Pain

    • Posterior back discomfort(in-between scapula)

    • Gastrointestinal symptoms

    • Nausea, indigestion

    • Shortness of breath

400

Name the type of disease characterized by a localized dilation of an artery

what is: aneurysm

400

Heart failure usually starts on the right or left side? 

What is: left side

400

True or false- a patient with a DVT may have no signs or symptoms at all? 

What is: TRUE

400

Name 1 sign or symptom of chronic venous insufficiency 

Dull ache, heaviness, swelling, itching, tingling, cramping in legs,hemosiderin staining (red blood cells can leak into tissue)

500

Your patient has peripheral arterial disease and they report leg pain with walking. What is the term for this condition? 

What is: intermittent claudication

500

Name 1 sign or symptom of an abdominal aortic aneurysm: 

what is: 

  • Often asymptomatic until large orleaking

  • Deep steady abdominal or back pain

  • Pulsatile abdominal mass

  • Abdominal bruit

  • Signs of rupture: 

  • Sudden or severe abdominal or back pain

  • Hypotension or shock

  • Syncope

  • Flank bruising

500

Name 1 sign or symptom of left sided heart failure

what is: 

  • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

  • Restlessness

  • Confusion

  • Orthopnea

  • Tachycardia

  • Exertional dyspnea

  • Fatigue

  • Cyanosis

  • Pulmonary congestion (cough, wheezes,crackles, blood tinged sputum, tachypena) 

500

This condition is characterized by sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, tachypena, hypoxia, and cough. 

What is: Pulmonary Embolism

500

Mild chronic venous insufficiency can present as what? 

What is: spider veins