Cardiovascular Physiology

Heart

100

This condition occurs when coronary arteries are blocked

Myocardial Infarction

200

The 2 sections of the heart makes the lub/dub sound?

S1(Tricuspid & Mitral Valve) and S2(Semilunar Valves-Pulmonary & Aortic)

300

This structure is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart

SA(Sinoatrial) Node

400

This node delays the electrical impulse before it reaches the ventricles

AV(Atrioventricular) Node

500

This is the thickest layer of the heart wall and responsible for contraction

Myocardium

EKG

100

Name the Heart Rhythm

Normal Sinus Rhythm

200

Name this wave

P wave

300

What does Q represent

Necrosis

400

This rhythm originates in the SA Node, has a normal P wave before every QRS but the rate is greater than 100 bpm

Sinus Tachycardia

500

Calculate the heart rate

75 bpm  

Math:  300/4

Blood Tracing

100

The flow of blood from the liver to the heart.

Hepatic artery -> Liver arterioles -> Sinusoids -> Hepatic vein -> IVC -> Right Atrium

200

This part of the cardiovascular system pumps oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle through the aorta to all body tissues and organs. 

Systemic Circuit

300

This vessel's branching includes arterioles & capillaries. It is also the largest artery in the body.

Aorta

400

Splenic Capillaries -> Splenic vein -> Hepatic Portal Vein ->Liver Sinusoids -> Hepatic veins      -> IVC -> Right atrium 

Portal System with Spleen 

500

These are branches of the brachiocephalic trunk

Right Common Carotid artery and Right Subclavian artery

Calculations

100

This is often confused with the Pulse Rate

What is Pulse Pressure

Calculations:  PP=SBP-DBP

PR=BPM

200

At REST Pulse = 12 beats/10 seconds.  

BP=110/70mmHg.

What is CO?

HR=12 beats/10 seconds * 60sec/1 minute = 72 beats/min

CO=SV*HR=72*70=5040mL/min

=5.04mL/min

300

If CO=6.4L/min, and SV=73ml/beat, what is the heart rate

CO=SV*HR; PP=SBP-DBP; SV=PP*2; MBP=DBP+1/3PP

6400ml/min=HR

HR=88 beats/min

400

A patient has a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 70 mmHg, a right atrial pressure (PRA) of 10 mmHg, and total peripheral resistance (TPR) is determined to be 10 mmHg min/L.

What is the cardiac output(CO)?

CO=(MAP-P_RA)/TPR

CO=70mmHg-10mmHg/10mmHg min/L

=6L/min

500

Andrew has a mean arterial pressure of 100mmHg and a pulse pressure of 30mmHg.  His systolic blood pressure must be:  

a. 90 mmHg

b. 100 mmHg

c.  110 mmHg

d. 120 mmHg

e.  130 mmHg

D. 120 mmHg