Cardiovascular System
Components of the Cardiovascular System
What are the:
heart
blood vessels
blood
In this type of circulation, arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart toward body tissues, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
What is Systemic Circulation?
The events that occur in one heartbeat.
What is the Cardiac Cycle?
The exchange of gases at the tissue level.
What is internal respiration?
Cold (temperature), virus/viral infection, intense emotion, allergens, exercise, and pollutants may cause this.
What is an asthma attack?
The blood in the right atrium passes through this valve and enters the right ventricle.
What is the tricuspid valve?
This event occurs when the blood supply to the myocardium is reduced or cut off for some time.
What is a Myocardial infarction or a heart attack?
These structures carry blood away from the heart and have thick muscular walls.
What are arteries?
This zone's function is:
to transport air to lungs
to warm and humidify air
to filter air
What is the conductive zone?
Individuals with this condition experience dyspnea with everyday activities and are treated with medication, supplemental O2, and respiratory muscle training.
What is Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
3 Functions of the cardiovascular system
What are:
delivery of 02, fuel & other nutrients to body tissues and removal of C02 & waste products from the tissues
maintenance of a constant body temperature (thermoregulation)
prevention of infection (immune function)
This type of circulation bypasses the lungs as they are not yet functional.
What is fetal circulation?
The pressure in the arteries during the contraction phase.
What is systolic pressure?
The volume of air in each breath.
What is tidal volume (VT)?
Found in the brain stem, this structure ensures that the transition from inhalation to exhalation is smooth.
What is the pons?
Oxygen-rich blood returns from the lungs through this structure to the left atrium.
What is the pulmonary vein?
This type of circulation supplies blood to the heart
What is Coronary Circulation?
White blood cells are called...
What are leukocytes?
The volume of air moved by the lungs in 1 minute.
What is ventilation VE(L/min)?
This respiratory control center is known as the inspiratory & expiratory center.
What is the medulla oblongata?
Another name for the bicuspid valve that allows blood to enter the left ventricle.
What is the mitral valve?
All coronary veins come together to form the __________which drains into the right atrium of the heart.
What is the coronary sinus?
The part of blood that helps with the regulation of blood clotting & control of bleeding.
What are platelets?
The air that remains in the lungs following a maximal exhalation.
What is the residual volume (RV)?
This occurs when ventilation occurs a lot faster than the workload.
What is the ventilatory threshold?
After exercise stops blood pressure drops below normal resting values.
What is post-exercise hypotension?
This occurs during prolonged exercise where Q is maintained, and a slow steady rise in HR and decline in SV is observed.
What is cardiovascular drift?
The proportion of blood ejected from the left ventricle during a single heartbeat is known as...
What is the ejection fraction?
The time period during exercise in which the level of oxygen consumption is below that necessary to supply all the ATP required for the exercise.
What is the Oxygen deficit?
Blood lactate concentrations increase exponentially.
What is the Lactate Threshold?