Anatomy Terms/Heart Rate
Number of chambers in the heart
4
The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle
Diastole
How is diastolic blood pressure affected by exercise?
It stays the same
Skeletal Muscle Pump
Respiratory Pump
What organs/tissues receive most of the blood during exercise?
Heart, brain, lungs, working muscles
The vessels that direct and maintain blood flow back to the heart
Veins
Blood pumped out per heart beat
Stroke Volume
Name for the pressure the heart must pump against in order to eject blood
Afterload
Name a reason why SV decreases with prolonged exercise
Increased body temp.
More sweating = less blood plasma = lower EDV/SV.
Decreased venous return.
What organs receive less blood flow during exercise?
Liver, kidneys, GI tract
How does heart rate respond to increased workload
Linearly
Product of heart rate and stroke volume
Cardiac Output
Name the three factors that affect total peripheral resistance
Vessel Length
Blood Viscosity
Radius of the Vessel
Since SV decreases with prolonged exercise, what must happen to HR in order to maintain the same CO?
Heart rate increases
Type of receptor that senses changes in CO2, H+, and O2
Chemoreceptors
The division of the autonomic nervous system that increases heart rate
Sympathetic Nervous System
How does cardiac output respond to increased exercise intensity/workload?
It increases linearly with increased workload
Longer vessel length has what affect on TPR
Explain how the Frank Starling Mechanism affects SV
A greater EDV creates a larger stretch on the ventricle, results in a more forceful contraction
Where is the "central command center" for cardiovascular function located?
Medulla Oblongata
Withdrawal of the PNS will increase or decrease HR
Increase
Term for the strength of the ventricular contraction
Dehydration has what affect on blood viscosity. Why?
Dehydration increases blood viscosity. Decrease blood plasma. Higher ratio of RBC to plasma, making the blood thicker
Why does stroke volume plateau with increased workload?
Diastole is shorter = less time for ventricle to fill up = lower EDV = SV plateaus
How is skeletal muscle vasodilatation regulated?
It is autoregulated (not controlled by NS)/regulated by CO2/O2 concentration