Heart Structure
The heart is the size of a ________
Fist
What blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
The cardiovascular system is a closed system which consists of :
Heart
Blood Vessels
where in the pulmonary valve
between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
What is one complete heart beat called?
Cardiac cycle
What is the sac that surronds the heart called
pericardium
what type of blood do veins carry (oxygenated or deoxygenated)
deoxygenated
what chamber do the superior and inferior vena cava enter the heart?
right atrium
What is normal blood pressure and determine what is systole and diastole.
120/80
120 - systole
80 - diastole
What cavity is the heart found in AND where is the heart located?
Pericardial cavity and mediastinum.
Where does the aorta send blood? Is it a artery or vein?
The entire body
What divides the heart into right and left sides?
Septum
The heart wall is made mostly of what
muscle
What are the 3 blood cells (scientific name) and what do they do?
Erythrocytes - red blood cells that deliver oxygen to the lungs
Leukocytes - white blood cells that fight infection
Thrombocytes - platelets for blood clotting and repairing injury
Name the 4 valves AND the 4 chambers of the heart. What chamber is each valve associated with.
Tricuspid, Mitral or bicuspid, Pulmonary, and Aortic valves. Right and left atrium and left and right ventricles.
Right atrium- tricuspid valve, left atrium-bicuspid valve, right ventricle- pulmonary valve, left ventricle- aortic valve.
The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the __________ through what blood vessel?
the lungs through the pulmonary artery
the 2 upper chambers of the heart
atria
What is the valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
aortic valve
What is the difference between the waves of the electrical conduction system?
P wave - contraction of the atria
QRS complex - contraction of the ventricles
Q- flood the ventricles
R- contraction of the left ventricle
S - contraction of the right ventricle
T wave - relaxation of the 4 chambers
What chamber does the blood return to once it leaves the lungs and how does the blood enter the chamber.
Left Atrium through the pulmonary vein.
What type of blood is in the left ventricle (oxygenated or deoxygenated)
oxygenated
why is there a layer of fluid in the pericardium
to lubricate and reduce friction of the heart beating
What structures are attached to the valves and the walls of the ventricles? Why are they necessary?
chordae tendineae and papillary muscles; to prevent blood from flowing backwards.
How is the cardiac cycle regulated?
Cardiac center in the medulla oblongata