Diseases and Issues
A decrease in serous fluid that leads to inflammation and friction on the heart
Pericarditis
What structure separates the left and right side of the heart
Septum
How do you calculate cardiac output
Heart rate x stroke volume
What does SADS stand for
Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndromes or Sudden Adult Death Syndrome
The distal end of the heart is called what
The apex
Depriving heart cells of oxygen for an extended period of time, to the point where they begin to die off
Myocardial infarction
What are the three layers of the heart wall
Outer epicardium
Mycocardium
Endocardium
About how much blood is there in an average sized adult
6 quarts
To be considered bradycardic the heart rate must be what?
Less than 60 beats per minute
What type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel breaks or is leaking
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Lack of adequate blood supply to the heart
Ischemia
The chamber that fills first when blood enters the heart
Right atrium
The "dub" sound of the heart is caused by what
when the semilunar valves close at the end of systole
What structure is considered the pacemaker for the heart because it starts each heartbeat
The SA node
What are the 3 main factors for good chest compressions
Compress to 2 inches depth
100 bpm
Allow chest to fully recoil before pressing again
Condition where they experience temporary low blood pressure and dizziness when they arise suddenly for reclining or sitting position
Orthostatic hypotension-
Which branch of the aorta breaks into the right subclavian and right common carotid
Brachiocephalic Artery
What structure regulates blood flow in capillary beds
Precapillary sphincters
Name the 3 modifying factors for basic heart rate
neural controls
hormones and ions
physical factors
What is a fibrillation
a rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the ventricles
progressive condition that reflects weakening of the heart by coronary atherosclerosis
Congestive heart failure
Which valve separates the left ventricle from the left atrium
Mitral valve
Also called bicuspid or left atrioventricular
When blood flows out of arterioles, it enters what blood vessel next
Capillaries
Why is the AV node briefly delayed
to give the atria time to finish contracting
How do fluids and small solutes cross the plasma membrane
Diffusion through intercellular clefts