Heart Structure
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle
What circuit carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back?
Pulmonary circuit.
What is the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
What type of vessel carries blood away from the heart?
What is hypertension?
High blood pressure
Which layer of the heart is made of muscle?
Myocardium
What circuit carries blood from the heart to the body and back?
Systemic circuit.
What does the AV node do?
Delays the impulse before it reaches the ventricles
What type of vessel carries blood toward the heart?
Veins
What is atherosclerosis?
Buildup of fatty plaques in arteries
What is the function of the heart valves?
Prevent backflow of blood.
Which side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood?
Right side
What do the the P, QRS, and T waves represent on an EKG?
P = atrial Depolarization, QRS= ventricular depolarization, T= ventricular repolarization
Which blood vessels are the site of gas and nutrient exchange?
Capillaries
What is an arrhythmia?
irregular heartbeat
What separates the right and left sides of the heart?
The septum.
Which valve prevents backflow into the left atrium/
Mitral (biscupid) valve
What happens during systole?
The heart contracts to pump blood
What is blood pressure?
The force of blood against vessel walls
What causes a heart attack?
Blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle?
What structure anchors the heart valves to the ventricular walls?
Chordae tendinae.
Trace the flow of blood starting from the right atrium.
Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Lungs -> Left atrium -> Left ventricle -> Body
Which fibers spread impulse through the ventricles?
Purkinje fibers
Which factors affect blood pressure?
Exercise, healthy diet, avoid smoking, control blood pressure