Cardiac Cycle
What are the receiving chambers of the heart?
atria (left and right atrium)
Approximately how many beats per minute should your heart beat?
60-100 bpm
Which component makes up the majority of blood?
plasma
AB (IAIB - both A and B are shown)
True or false: lung tissue is moist.
true! surfactant helps lower surface tension allowing for efficient gas exchange!
Through which blood vessel does oxygenated blood return to the heart from the lungs?
pulmonary vein
What happens during the T wave?
ventricular diastole and repolarization (ventricles relax)
If I wanted to determine my blood type, which component of blood would I look at? Proper scientific name only!
erythrocytes (RBCs)
My hypothetical child is type O blood. What does this mean for me and my hypothetical husband? Looking at you, Luke!
we both are heterozygous (carry an "i")
What is the name of the tubes that branch off from the trachea?
bronchiole/bronchioles
During ventricular systole, what happens on the left side of the heart?
Someone who is experiencing an irregularly slow heart rate is experiencing what?
bradycardia
Define leukemia and explain why chemotherapy is used for treating cancer.
too many rapidly growing abnormal leukocytes; chemotherapy targets rapidly growing cells
Describe a scenario in which a couple with type AB and type B blood cannot make a child with type A blood.
The type B parent is homozygous (IBIB)
During exhalation, what happens to the rib cage and the diaphragm? Why?
rib cage contracts and diaphragm contracts downward to allow for breath to leave the body
Name three structures/organs through which blood is collected to the superior vena cava.
brain, arms, neck
What is masked during the QRS complex? Why?
atrial diastole b/c ventricular systole is a much larger electrical event
Explain why fatigue and muscle pain are symptoms of sickle cell anemia.
Who is the universal blood recipient? Why?
AB positive - contains every possible surface antigen (A, B, and Rh)
What would happen if I moved from Berkeley, CA to Boulder, CO in terms of my lungs?
to compensate for less available oxygen in the air, I would have to make more RBCs and take deeper breaths to increase my vital capacity
The pulmonary arteries do two things. What are they?
1) deliver deoxy blood to lungs from RV 2) supply the lungs with their own blood supply
What cardiac condition is marked by tachycardia and chaotic P waves?
atrial fibrilation
Explain why HIV/AIDs can be treated but not cured.
it is a retrovirus which encodes its RNA into our DNA making it impossible to get rid of
Rh is a surface antigen; if there is no surface antigen on the baby, the mother won't see it as "attacking" the mother's body
What does it mean if someone has normal tidal volume but a lower-than-average vital capacity?
lung disease or weakened muscles surrounding the lungs