Trait-and-Factor Theory
This theory assumes that individuals & occupations have unique characteristics related to interests, abilities, needs, values, and personality traits.
Trait-and-Factory Theory
This theory believes the primary role of a career counselor is to help clients create more satisfying lives for themselves; and, most people are in occupations as the result of a series of unplanned events.
Learning Theory
This theory focuses on how careers unfold over the lifespan
Developmental Theory
This theory assumes life is characterized by change and an ongoing series of transitions; and, transitions can be viewed as events/nonevents that causes change in one's roles, relationships, or routines.
Transition Theory
This theory believes that career interests are an expression of the individual's personality.
Vocational Choice (Holland) Theory
Workers and employers are most satisfied when there is a good match or "fit" between the characteristics of the worker and the characteristics of the _______.
Occupation/Job
_____ occurs when people observe outcomes that are experienced by others and take these persons as role models and _____ occurs when positive outcomes follow a given behavior.
Associative Learning
Instrumental Learning
Name three aspects of Donald E. Super's Development Theory
Self-concept
Life Span
Life Space
Situation
Self
Supports
Strategies
How many basic concepts are there to Holland's Career Choice Theory?
4
Measured
______ occurs when specific behaviors are rewarded and _______ occurs when some aversive stimulus is terminated.
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
This is a picture of who we are and what we are like... how we see ourselves, how we would like to be seen, and how we think others view us - including subjective and objective information.
Self-concept
This theorist was one of the first to examine how people recognize and integrate transitions in a way that enables to them to move forward in a positive way, focusing on points when change is occurring, rather than the total lifespan.
Nancy K. Schlossberg
People can be described as a combination of ____ or more of ____ personality types.
3, 6
True or False
Little attention is given to how persons have acquired the characteristics they possess.
True
"Life rarely rolls out exactly as planned, and 'chance' events can have a positive or negative influence on us". Key attitudes: curiosity, persistence, flexibility, and optimism.
Happenstance
Life Space
A(n)___ is something that happens that is expected to happen.
A(n)___ is something that was expected to happen, but did not.
Event, Nonevent
If a person can find a compatible career environment, s/he is likely to be __________ and _________.
Which theory "stems" from the Trait-and-Factor Theory?
Holland's Theory
Name 4 steps a counselor can take to actively engage their clients in tasks that help them generate unplanned career opportunities.
(1)Find out what is troubling your client (2)Engage in helping skills and effective listening (3)Brainstorm a possible first action (4)Evaluate your success from behaviors your clients have applied in the real world (ex. maintain contact, teach through experiences that reinforce positive behaviors, etc)
Identify the 5 stages of life span according to Super
(stage 1) Growth, 0-15 (stage 2) Exploration, 15-25 (stage 3) Establishment, 25-45 (stage 4) Maintenance, 45-65 (stage 5) Disengagement, 65+
To qualify as a _____, an event or nonevent has to result in a ____ in roles, daily routines, and/or personal relationship.
Transition, Change
Name the six personality types.
Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional.