"Holla"nd
This changes over time and develops throughout life; it is not stagnant but is psychologically dynamic
What is career identity?
Prior to the industrial revolution, people __________ their careers.
What is inherited?
This person is known as the father of counseling
Who is Frank Parsons?
These theories emerged once the concepts of differential psychology were applied to the process of vocational guidance
What are trait factor theories?
These are sometimes referred to as the Minnesota Point of View
Trait Factor Theories
Holland theorized that by adolescence, personalities can be divided into
What is six types?
The industrial revolution offered more individuals greater opportunities to pursue this type of work
What is personally satisfying careers where values and interests match, and a sense of security and dignity?
This was the original term for what we now know as "career counseling"
Vocational Guidance
He is known as the father of standardized testing
Who is Alfred Binet?
Williamson postulated that there were types of vocational problems and the purpose of counseling was
What is to solve those problems using a six-step process?
Holland personality types can be determined by taking the
What is the SDS (self-directed search)?
These two theorists provided vocational guidance in schools and community settings
Who are Jesse B. Davis and Frank Parsons?
This was the nation's first vocational guidance program
What is the Breadwinner's Institute?
This use of standardized testing helped the "testing movement" gain momentum
What was the military's development of Army Alpha & Army Beta tests of cognitive ability?
Williamson's efforts of vocational guidance focused mainly on these groups of people
Who are immigrants, college students, and the unemployed?
This type of person is either able to be flexible and work in many types of environments or is unable to commit to one type of work environment
What is differentiated?
Changes brought on by the industrial revolution provided the foundations for the emergence of
What is vocational guidance, vocational psychology, and career development?
These are the Three Steps to Choosing a Vocation
What is understand yourself, understand the world of work, and use "true reasoning" to find a good match between the two?
This group of people were the focus of the Minnesota Mechanical Abilities project in 1920
Who were immigrants?
This theory focused on the vocational guidance and employment preparation for people with disabilities with the goal of matching _________ to ___________.
What is the fit of a person and the work environment?
These categories introduce clients to broad matches between an individual's personality and characteristics of the work environment
What is RIASEC?
This did not keep up with the rapid pace of industrialization
What is federal policy regarding the rights of workers?
Parsons used these measurements as his primary means of assessment when conceptualizing the process of choosing a vocation
What are self-report, interviews, and informal checklists?
Differential psychology included attention to the difference in these areas
What are intelligence, abilities, interests, and personality?
The TWA model does not include
What are interests and personalities?