Infant/Toddler: Cognitive Development
What is a cognitive skill acquired during the sensorimotor period?
Cause and effect understanding
Object permanence
Goal-directed behavior
Language
Symbolic thought
Is shame is a primary or secondary emotion?
secondary emotion
Does preschoolers appetite increase or decrease compared to infants?
decrease
Name two cognitive benefits of make-believe play
Executive function
Memory
Logical reasoning
Language and literacy
Imagination and creativity
Reflecting on own thinking
Emotion regulation
Taking another’s perspective
A 9-month old infant who has watched an adult hide an object multiple times in one location and then sees the adult hide that object in a different location will search for the object in the first location the object was hidden. This is an example of:
A not B error
True or false:
Girls are typically more self-controlled than boys
True
True or false:
To encourage healthy eating in preschoolers, parents should insist that they try new foods.
False
What is theory of mind?
Thinking about thought. Children's understanding that other people may have thoughts, beliefs, desires, that differ from our own.
What is the term for a toddlers’ application of a word to a wider collection of objects and events than is appropriate?
Overextension
Describe a secure-attachment.
characterizes infants who use the parent as a secure based and convey clear pleasure at her return
True or False: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of childhood mortality in industrialized nations.
True
What are the three main skills that Executive Function refers to?
Working memory
Cognitive flexibility
Inhibitory control
What is the term for the vowel-like noises that babies make, starting around age 2 months?
Cooing
The match between a child's temperament and his/her environment is called what?
Goodness of fit
What is the term for the large bundle of fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres?
Corpus callosum
What is private speech?
Young children often talk out loud when playing or exploring their enviroment.
Children use private speech for self-guidance, eventually internalizing it as silent, inner speech.
What is joint attention?
An interaction in which infants and toddlers attend to the same object or event as the caregiver, who often labels it—an experience that contributes greatly to early language development
A child who does not appear to respond upon being reunited with his/her caregiver displays which form of attachment?
insecure-avoidant
An organ located at the base of the brain that plays a critical role by releasing two hormones that induce growth:
Pituitary gland
What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Implicit: unconscious, procedural
Explicit: with conscious recall