AMENDMENTS
This amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizure.
4th Amendment
This landmark supreme court case mandates that law enforcement inform suspects of their rights.
Miranda v Arizona (1966)
This person was the mayor of New York during the controversial stop and frisk era of the 1990's.
Rudy Giuliani
You might want one of these before poking around an arrestee's cell phone.
Warrant
Theory which states that visible signs of crime, antisocial behavior and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime and disorder, including serious crimes
Broken Windows Theory
This amendment covers protection from self-incrimination.
5th Amendment
This decision established the automobile exception, allowing warrantless vehicle exceptions.
Carroll v United States (1925)
This man is the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
John Roberts
In Mapp V Ohio, the court ruled illegally obtained evidence would be excluded from trial, coining this term used to describe a bad search incident to arrest.
Fruits of the poisonous tree.
This term refers to established court decisions handed down by the Supreme Court. Law of the Land.
Precedent
This amendment grants equal protection to all citizens under the constitution.
14th Amendment
This case established reasonable suspicion and allowed stop and frisk based on this new threshold.
Terry v Ohio (1968)
This man was the titular subject of a landmark 1966 supreme court case, having his rape/kidnapping conviction overturned after the court ruled his confession was coerced.
Ernesto MIRANDA
Simply asking for this may prevent you from violating a subject's fourth amendment rights during a search without PC or reasonable belief of an armed and dangerous subject.
Consent
The three coequal branches of government in the United States.
Executive, Judicial, Legislative
This amendment protects the rights of the accused in criminal trials, including the right to legal representation.
6th Amendment
Deadly Force is unconstitutional unless the fleeing suspect poses a significant thereat of injury or death to officers or the public.
Tennessee v Garner
This fleeing juvenile's untimely death at the hands of the Memphis Police Department was ruled unconstitutional and established nationwide use of force training.
Edward GARNER
This term refers to a standard which evaluates how a similarly trained officer would have handled a use of force situation without hindsight as guiding factor.
Objective Reasonableness
Unless calls for "court packing" prevail, this will remain the number of justices who preside over the high court.
9
The first ten amendments are also referred to as this.
The Bill of Rights
This decision confirmed traffic stops are a seizure of all occupants in the vehicle.
Brendlin v. California (2007)
The United State Senate rejected his Supreme Court nomination after a contentious and highly publicized confirmation hearing.
Robert Bork
Arizona V Gant confirmed a search incident to arrest was limited to an arrestees immediate ____, or evidence related to the offense.
Control/Reach
Named after a now deceased justice, Supreme Court nominees invoke this unwritten rule during nomination hearings, allowing them to give vague responses to avoid being "Borked."
The Ginsburg Rule