Conceptual
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what does 2pq represents?
The frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population.
If, on average, 46% of a population are homozygous recessive, then what would be the percentage of the population would be expected to have at least one dominant allele ______?
54%
Hardy Weinberg
In the Hardy Weinberg Equation, ___+___=1
p+q
A population of rabbits may be brown (the dominant phenotype) or white (the recessive phenotype). Brown rabbits have the genotype BB or Bb. White rabbits have the genotype bb. The frequency of the BB genotype is .35.
What is the frequency of the B allele and b allele?
B= 0.59
b= 0.41
What does the variable p represent?
The frequency of the dominant allele
What five conditions must be present for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
1. Large population
2. No mutations
3. No migration
4. Random mating
5. No natural selection
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in homozygous recessives that causes death during teenage years. If 9 in 10,000 newborn babies have the disease, what are the expected frequencies of the dominant and recessive alleles according to the Hardy-Weinberg model?
q= 0.0300
p= 0.9700
What does the variable p2 represent?
The homozygous dominant genotype
How can the Hardy-Weinberg equations be used to study evolution in a population?
By comparing the observed allele frequencies in a population to the predicted frequencies under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, scientists can identify which evolutionary forces are acting on the population and to what extent.
If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, what percent of the population are heterozygotes?
42%
What does the variable q represent?
The frequency of the recessive allele?
What are some examples of situations that could disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?
Population bottleneck, founder effect, etc.
In a certain group of rabbits, the presence of yellow fur is the result of a homozygous recessive condition in the biochemical pathway producing hair pigment. If the frequency of the allele for this condition in the biochemical pathway is 0.09, what is the frequency of the dominant allele in this population?
q= 0.3
p= 0.7
What does the term 2pq represent?
The frequency of the heterozygous genotype