Earth and Space Science
What causes day and night on Earth?
the rotation of Earth on its axis
What do plants need to make food during photosynthesis?
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
What are the three states of matter?
solid, liquid, and gas
What is energy used to do?
to do work or cause change
What is the process of water turning into vapor called?
evaporation
What do we call a giant storm with strong winds that forms over warm ocean water?
a hurricane
What body system helps you breathe?
the respiratory system
What happens to matter when it is heated?
it usually expands or changes state
What force slows things down when they slide?
friction
What force pulls objects toward Earth?
gravity
Why do we have different seasons on Earth?
the tilt of Earth’s axis as it orbits the Sun
What is an inherited trait?
a trait passed down from parents to child
How does sound travel?
sound travels in waves through matter
DD: What is kinetic energy?
energy of motion
What is a hypothesis?
an educated guess
What phase is the Moon in when we can’t see it at all?
a new moon
What is the main purpose of a flower in a plant’s life cycle?
to help the plant reproduce
What is the smallest particle of an element called?
an atom
What form of energy do we get from the Sun that helps plants grow and warms the Earth?
solar energy
DD: What’s the difference between a solid and a liquid?
a solid holds its shape, and a liquid flows
What causes ocean tides on Earth?
the gravitational pull of the Moon
How do ecosystems change when a new predator is introduced?
the balance of the ecosystem can be disrupted
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
a physical change changes appearance, and a chemical change forms something new
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by a force
What does a controlled variable mean in an experiment?
something you keep the same to make an experiment fair