Authority
One of two overarching tenets of Protestantism; it describes what Protestants think is the only source of authority for Christians. (300 points for both Latin & English)
What is "Sola Scriptura" or "Bible Alone"?
One of two overarching tenets of Protestantism; it describes what Protestants think is the only thing necessary in order to be saved. (300 points for both Latin & English)
What is "Sola Fide" or "Faith Alone"?
The Catholic belief that Mary never had the stain of original sin (or any other kind of sin) from the first moment of her existence.
What is the Immaculate Conception?
They are our older brothers and sisters in Christ who can pray for us from heaven and who can serve as models of heroic virtue for us.
What are saints?
Catholics believe it is the true Body & Blood of Jesus because Jesus said so. He used the very graphic words "flesh" and "blood" over and over in John 6, and many of his followers left him over it in John 6:66.
What do Catholic believe about the Eucharist?
They are the successors of the Apostles.
Who are the bishops?
When John 3:3 says we must be "born again", John 3:5 goes on to explain that this what being born again means. (+200 points for giving the phrase that John 3:5 uses)
What is Baptism? (Being "born of water and the spirit)
The ancient Catholic belief that wasn't an officially defined dogma until 1950. (It's called the Dormition in Eastern Orthodoxy.)
What is the Assumption of Mary?
This is the Catholic answer to the Protestant claim that Catholics "worship" Mary and other saints.
What is, "Catholics worship ONLY God, but we do *honor* Mary and other saints because God Himself gives them honor in heaven"?
We know Jesus didn't mean this command literally because He referred to Abraham as the Jews' father, St. Paul says in 1 Cor. 4:14 that he "became [their] father in Christ," and the Apostles John, Peter, and Paul refer to themselves as spiritual "fathers" several times in various epistles.
How do we know that Jesus was not speaking literally when He said, "Call no man on earth your father" (Matt. 23:9)?
The thing that, along with Sacred Scripture, make up the "Deposit of Faith" -- the apostolic faith handed down to us from Christ through his Apostles.
What is Sacred Tradition?
Matthew 25 says that this is how the Son of Man will separate "the sheep" from "the goats" when He comes in glory. (+50 points for each specific example Christ gives in this passage, +200 more for the name the Church gives to this list)
What is "how we treated people in life"? (Giving food to the hungry, drink to the thirsty, welcoming the stranger, clothing the naked, caring for the sick, & visiting the imprisoned are the Corporal Works of Mercy, with burying the dead.)
It is the phrase we use for the belief held by almost all Christians that Jesus was conceived by the power of God and not through marital relations.
What is the Virgin Birth?
This is the TITLE OF MARY that Bathsheba, the mother of King Solomon, prefigures when Solomon had a throne for her set next to his, and she interceded for the people before the King, as Mary does in Heaven.
What is the title, "Queen of Heaven"? (Or "Queen Mother," "Queen of Heaven & Earth," "Queen of Angels & Saints," or simply the "Queen.")
This is probably the most important question in regard to the "Bible Alone" belief to ask Protestants because there is no answer for it.
What is, "Where is the 'Bible Alone' belief found in the Bible?" (Also acceptable: How do we know what books are in the Bible, except from the authority of the Catholic Church?)
They are the first, the last (266th), and the present (267th) pope. (+200 points for *each* of their original (birth) names you can name)
Who are (Pope) Peter, Pope Francis, and Pope Leo XIV? (aka, Simon, Jorge Bergoglio, and Robert Prevost)
The only book of the Bible that uses the phrase "faith alone" (also "faith by itself" and "faith without works"); it specifically says that kind of faith is "dead" and "useless" and cannot save you. (+400 for chapter & verse)
What is the book of James? (2:14-24, esp. 2:24 where it says "See how a person is justified by works and not by faith alone.")
The title of Mary that was defined by the Council of Ephesus in 431, which met to counter Nestorianism, the heresy that said that Christ was two persons -- a human person & a divine person -- who shared one body.
What is the title "the Mother of God"? ("The Theotokos" in Greek). (Mary is the mother of the one Divine Person, Jesus, even though she's not the source of his divinity -- just as my is the mother of the whole me, even though she's not the source of my soul.)
It is the power Jesus gave to Peter in Mt 16:19 to make rules for the Church that Jesus would uphold (referencing the power given to the prime minister in Isaiah 22:22), and the same phrase in John 20:23 refers to the power Jesus gave all the Apostles to forgive sins.
What is "binding and loosing"?
It's the Greek word that Matt. 16:18 says Simon's name was changed to when Jesus appointed him the Rock on whom He would build His church. (+500 for explaining why Protestants think Jesus's use of the masculine form of the word is significant and why it's really a moot point.)
What is "Petros"? (Peter's name,"Petros," means "little rock," while the feminine form, "petra," meaning "massive rock," was used when He says "upon this rock I will build my church." However, Jesus spoke Aramaic, so He really used "Kepha" in both cases, not "Petros/petra".)
Whereas the "Ordinary Magisterium" (teaching authority) of the Church is all the bishops of the world in union with the pope, this is considered the "Extraordinary Magisterium." (+400 points for the Latin phrase)
What do you call it when the Pope, from the "chair of Peter", officially declares some matter of faith or morals as something that must be believed by all Catholics? (Latin phrase: "Ex Cathedra")
It's the phrase many Protestants use to claim that once we say the sinner's prayer and accept Christ as our personal Lord and Savior, we will go to heaven no matter what else we might do in life after that.
The 2 "brothers of the Lord" (of the 4 mentioned in the Bible) who are shown in the Gospels to be the sons of another Mary (the "sister" of Jesus's mother) and of Alphaeus (aka, Clopas). (Hint: one "brother" was the first bishop of Jerusalem.) (+400 for the names of the other two "brothers" of Jesus.)
Who are James (the Younger, first bishop of Jerusalem) and Joses (or Joseph)? (The other 2 "brothers" are Simon and Jude.)
It is probably the most effective apologetics method for convincing others of the truth.
What is the Socratic method? (-100 for not knowing the name, but just that it means asking directed questions so that the other person's own answers convince him of the truth")
There are references or hints to this Catholic teaching in 2 Mac. 12 and in Matt. 5 & 12 and elsewhere, but one of the clearest is 1 Cor. 3:15 when Paul says, "If any man’s work is burned up, he will suffer loss, though he himself will be saved, but only as through fire. "
Where is Purgatory found in the Bible?