Definitions
The principle of non-contradiction.
A thing cannot be and not be at the same time, in the same respect.
The definition of potency.
The ability to become something
The three religions which worship a necessary being and claim divine revelation.
What is Christianity, Islam, and Judaism?
What are the elements of a moral act?
Act, intention, circumstances
What distinguishes the Persons of the Trinity?
Relation
Person
A person is an individual substance of a rational nature
What are the two ways a thing can exist?
Contingent and necessary.
Give one of the arguments for why it's reasonable to think Christ started the Church.
A. logical - Jesus taught doctrinal and moral truths, liturgy and sacraments. He would need a Church to safeguard these.
B. Scriptural - Jesus said He would found His church on Peter/the Rock
c. historical - We know from history that the Apostles did in fact set up a Church right after Christ left...why would they do something against His will so soon?
Define a just wage.
One that provides for the employee's needs and those of his dependents.
What are the four purposes of prayer?
Adoration, Thanksgiving, Petition, Reparation
Grace
Grace is a supernatural gift from God bestowed on man through the merits of Christ for our salvation
What is act?
Act is what makes something actual
Give the Liar, Lunatic, Lord argument.
Christ claimed to be God. There are three options:
1. False, and knows it, so He’s lying. (Liar)
2. False, and doesn’t know it, so He’s crazy. (Lunatic)
3. True, so He’s God. (Lord)
It's not the first or second, so it has to be the third.
Is God the cause of evil?
No; God is the cause of all that exists. Evil is a non-being or privation.
How is Christ a king?
By inheritance
By conquest
Circuminsession
Circuminsession is the attribute of the Trinity that all three persons dwell within each other; mutual indwelling.
Define substantial vs accidental change.
Substantial change is a change which results in a different thing.
Accidental change is a change in which the subject remains, but in a different condition.
Give one of the arguments against the Resurrection and a response to that argument.
1) Apostles stole the body while guards were sleeping.
2) The Apostles and other witnesses were hallucinating.
3) Christ pretended to die.
4) Apostles were giving symbolic expressions to show that Christ lives on in their hearts.
What are the conditions of the principle of double effect?
A) The act performed must be either good or indifferent.
B) The evil effect must not produce the good effect (ends do not justifies means). The evil effect must occur simultaneously or after the good effect.
C) The good must outweigh the harmful results.
D) The person acting must will the good effect. He must not will the bad effect, but only permit it.
What are the four conditions of infallibility?
The pope must be teaching in his public and official capacity as the Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church.
The pope must be teaching on matters of faith and morals.
The pope must settle the matter at hand leaving no doubts.
The pope must bind the whole Church to acceptance of the teaching.
Define one of the three theological virtues.
Faith is the virtue by which we believe all that God has revealed precisely because He has revealed it.
Hope is the virtue by which, with certain confidence, we expect, by divine assistance, to receive eternal happiness and the means to attain it.
Charity is the virtue by which we love God above all things because He is infinitely good and deserving of all love, and we love our neighbor as ourselves for the love of God.
Name and define the four causes.
The four causes are: material cause, which is the potential principle which makes up the essence of a material thing;
formal cause, which is the actual principle which makes a thing to be what it is;
efficient cause, which is that which brings about a change from potency to act;
and the final cause, which is the purpose for which a thing is.
Give two of the criteria for the reliability of the New Testament and explain how the New Testament meets those criteria.
-eyewitness accounts
-written within living memory (70-90 AD)
-lack of contradiction
-independent corroboration
-authors have nothing to gain
-Freedom from obviously fabulous or legendary material
-texts which exist have not been altered
Explain the difference between ordinary means of preserving life and extraordinary means of preserving life.
Extraordinary means give no reasonable hope of cure and merely prolong death. Ordinary means are basic life-saving and capable of contributing to a cure.
Why is it fitting that the Son become Incarnate? (Rather than the Father or the Holy Spirit)
It was fitting the Son become incarnate because the Son is the uncreated image of God the Father. Man is the created image of God the Father.
Also, through the Incarnation and Redemption we were made adopted sons of God, so it is fitting that it was the only begotten Son of God that made this possible.