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Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
Category 5
100
An inflammatory process that primarily affects the glomerular capillaries.
What is glomerulonephritis?
100
As renal function deteriorates, laboratory data reflects some abnormalities.
What is an increase in BUN, a decrease in hemoglobin, increase in serum creatinine, increase in creatinine clearance
100
This is the most common cause of chronic renal failure in US.
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
100
A kidney disease that usually presents with abdominal fullness, hematuria, polyuria but continued erythropoietin production.
What is polycystic kidney disease?
100
A systemic disease characterized by an accumulation of collagen in connective tissue.
What is sleroderma?
200
A chronic systemic inflammatory disorder of connective tissue especially in the arterial vasculature that results from the formation of auto antibodies.
What is Systemic Lupus erythematosus?
200
A patients presents in the ER with hyperkalemya. Dialysis is not ready available. This is an interim treatment that may be used.
What is Kayexelate, Glucose and insulin, IV sodium bicarbonate.
200
Accumulation of nitrogenus waste products in the bloodstream.
What is azotemia?
200
These are other causes of renal failure.
What is heroin and tobramycin?
200
This is the difference between chronic renal failure and acute renal failure.
What is sudden onset with reversible damages?
300
All these are causes of chronic kidney failure.
What is diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephrities?
300
These are Stage 5 chronic kidney disease characteristics.
What is residual renal function less than 15% of normal, excretory, regulatory, and hormonal renal functions that are severely impaired, inability to maintain homeostasis, elevated BUN and creatinine.
300
This is an endocrine disease which affects the the kidney.
What is Diabetes?
300
These substances are called Nephrotoxic substances.
What is radiopaquqe contrast media, anibiotics, anesthesia?
300
These population segments are at risk for renal disease.
What are elderly, trauma victims, diabetes mellitus?