Cell Cycle Control
Cell Signaling
Cancer
Exams 1&2
Exams 3&4
100
Proteins that are released by certain cells that stimulate cells to grow and divide
what are growth factors?
100
A protein with the major function of phosphorylating
what is a protein kinase?
100
Density dependent inhibition is often violated by these types of cells
What are cancer cells?
100
The mutation that occurs when one nucleotide is mutated, and it leads to a premature stop codon
what is nonsense?
100
Molecules that easily pass through the plasma membrane are said to be
what is small and hydrophobic?
200
What protein complex needs to be destroyed in order for the cell to successfully pass from metaphase to anaphase
what are cohesin proteins?
200
Calcium concentration is normally higher on this side of the cell membrane
What is the outside?
200
Cancer-causing genes are referred to as
what are proto-oncogenes?
200
The molecules seen here
What is a ribose sugar?
200
A parent with genotype BbTt produces these possible gametes
What are BT, Bt, bT, and bt?
300
Platelet derived growth factor (PGDF) triggers cell division by allowing cells to skip this
What is the G1 checkpoint?
300
Cell signalling that is able to send signals to other cells in close proximity
what is paracrine signalling?
300
The G protein that has a mutated form that leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation
What is Ras?
300
The fragments of DNA synthesized in the 5'->3' direction built off of small sections of rna primers
what are okazaki fragments?
300
The mode of inheritance seen here
What is autosomal recessive?
400
The M phase checkpoint assesses these processes have been completed
what are that sister chromatids have been cleaved and are properly attached to spindles?
400
A property of G proteins that allows it to regulate signals
What is the ability to hydrolyze itself?
400
A mutation in this gene leads to the inability for the cell to cease division as it is needed for cell cycle arrest after DNA is damaged
What is the p53 gene?
400
The process in which monomers are built into polymers
What is dehydration synthesis?
400
The name of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) that is required for the formation of the mitotic spindle during cell division
what is centrosome?
500
Cyclin bound cdks (MPFs) are responsible for these cellular processes required for division
what is nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation?
500
If a G protein activates adenylyl cyclase in an environment with excess ATP, this can be expected to be a product
what is cAMP?
500
If a modified form of GTP that cannot be enzymatically converted to GDP were added to a culture of cells, the likely result would be
what is the G proteins would be stuck in the 'on' position?
500
This signal, found on the 3' end of mRNA is where the proteins are triggered to cut
what is the polyadenylation signal?
500
If 6 Na+ ions pumped out of cell and 4 K+ pumped into the cell, this is number of ATP molecules hydrolysed
what is 2?