Plant Survival & Life Cycles
What do spines on plants help protect against?
Spines on plants help protect against animals that try to eat them.
What happens when a bat hits a softball?
When a bat hits a softball, the ball gets pushed away, sometimes spinning, and flies through the air while making a “crack” sound from the impact.
What causes waves in water?
Waves in water are caused by wind pushing on the surface.
What happens when vinegar and baking soda are mixed?
When vinegar and baking soda are mixed, they react to form carbon dioxide gas, which creates fizzing and bubbling.
What does a topographic map show?
A topographic map shows the shape and height of the land.
What happens to horse nettle plants after caterpillars eat their leaves?
After caterpillars eat their leaves, horse nettle plants grow new leaves but may grow more slowly.
What type of energy is transferred to the ball?
The type of energy transferred to the ball is kinetic energy—the energy of motion from the swinging bat.
Do waves move water or energy?
Waves mostly move energy, not the water itself. The water mostly moves up and down in place.
What is produced during this reaction?
The reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt called sodium acetate.
What causes erosion on volcano slopes?
Erosion on volcano slopes is caused by rain, wind, lava flow, and loose rocks washing or blowing away.
Why do plants with more spines survive better?
Plants with more spines survive better because spines protect them from animals eating them.
Name two types of energy produced when a bat hits a ball.
Two types of energy produced when a bat hits a ball are:
How can people model waves using their bodies?
People can model waves by linking arms and moving up and down to show how energy moves through water.
How can you tell a new substance is formed?
You can tell a new substance is formed if you see bubbling, fizzing, a color change, or heat being produced.
Why might one side of a volcano have more plants?
One side of a volcano might have more plants because it gets more sunlight, rain, or better soil than the other side.
How are butterfly and clownfish life cycles alike?
Butterfly and clownfish life cycles are alike because both start as eggs and grow into adults.
How could changing the bat affect the speed of the ball?
Changing the bat can make the ball go faster or slower depending on its weight, size, and material.
Why do waves move away from where an object hits water?
Waves move away because the energy from the object spreads out through the water, pushing it outward in all directions.
How does changing the amount of baking soda affect gas production?
Changing the amount of baking soda changes how much gas is produced: more baking soda makes more carbon dioxide, less makes less.
What kind of data helps study erosion?
Data that helps study erosion includes rainfall amounts, wind speed, soil type, and how the land changes over time.
Which life cycle (butterfly or clownfish) is more similar to a parrot, and why?
The clownfish life cycle is more like a parrot’s because both start as eggs and grow into young that look like smaller versions of the adults, without going through a completely different larva stage like butterflies do.
Explain how energy transfers between the bat, ball, and air during impact.
When the bat hits the ball:
Explain how energy travels through a wave without moving matter.
Energy travels through a wave because the water (or material) moves up and down or back and forth in place, passing the energy along while the matter itself mostly stays put.
Explain how evidence from experiments proves a chemical reaction occurred.
Evidence from experiments shows a chemical reaction occurred if you see bubbling or fizzing, a color change, heat or light being produced, or a new substance forming. These signs show that the original substances have changed into something new.
Explain how rainfall differences can change the shape of a volcano over time.
Rainfall differences can change a volcano’s shape because more rain causes more erosion, washing away soil and rocks, while less rain slows erosion, so the slopes stay steeper.