Chapter 4
A variable that is hypothesized to change depending on an independent variable
What is a dependent variable?
Those in which the probability of selection in known and is not zero
What are probability sampling methods?
Allow participate to write in an answer
What are open ended questions?
Surveys and experiments that focus on numerical data
What are quantitative methods?
The number of times an event occurs
What is frequency?
A variable having only two values
What is a dichotomous variable?
Exists when a conclusion based on a sample, or subset, of a larger population holds true for that population
What is sample generalizability?
Respondents who answer “no” to one question skip ahead to another question
What are skip questions?
Participant observation, intensive interviewing, and focus groups designed to focus on participants words rather than their numbers
What are qualitative methods?
Mean, median, and mode measure what
What is central tendency?
Level of measurement whose values have no mathematical interpretation; they vary in kind or quality but not in amount
EX. Nationality
What is nominal measurement?
Every sample element is selected only on the basis of chance through random process
What is a simple random sample?
A question or statement that contains two negatives (can muddy the meaning)
What are negatives and double negatives?
Analysis of data collected by someone other than the researcher or the researcher’s assistant
What is secondary data?
1) the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you investigated; 2) the basic design of the study; 3) major findings or trends found as a result of your analysis; and, 4) a brief summary of your interpretations and conclusions.
What are parts of an abstract?
The type of validity that exists when an inspection of the items used to measure a concept suggests that they are appropriate “on their face”
What is face validity?
Sample elements are selected from a list or from sequential files, with every nth element being selected after the first element is selected randomly with in the first interval
What is systematic random sampling?
Participants can indicate to what level they agree or disagree
What are likert questions?
A research method for systematically analyzing and making inferences from text
What is content analysis?
Where would you find how much variance in your dependent variable is explained by your model
What is R2?
Type of validity that exists when the full range of a concept’s meaning is covered by the measure
What is content validity?
Sample elements are selected as they are identified by successive informants or interviewees
What is snowball sampling?
Allow an option for respondents who require another choice
EX. “Other”
What are exhaustive responses?
The quantitative analysis of findings from multiple studies
What is meta-analysis?
You can interpret this as a percentage. A value of .240 means that 24% of the variance in your dependent variable can be explained by the variables in your model (your independent and control variables)
What is R2?