Terms
A break in the bone
fracture
Most effective way of preventing the spread of infection
Washing your hands
Open wounds caused by stabbing
Puncture wound
Control bleeding first, immobilize the area, apply ice, check for pulse distal to area, treat patient for shock
How to care for a fracture
What kind of objects go into a sharp's container?
When should the sharp's container be filled?needles, glass, any sharp objects, razors
When 2/3 full
What organ is affected by a stroke
the brain
Term that means itching
Before any minor procedure is done, you must ensure the patient has signed this
informed consent
What does OSHA stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Also known as a bruise; caused by blunt-force trauma; severity based on type of trauma and location of trauma
When should hand hygiene occur
Before and after patient contact, before and after glove removal
sunburn
With any injury that is bleeding, what should be done FIRST
Control the bleeding (apply pressure)
What does the word asepsis mean?
free of germs (or as free as possible of germs)
What vital sign would indicate that a patient may be bleeding internally? In other words, what vital sign will change? Will it go up or down?
Blood pressure goes down, which makes pulse go up!
Term that means hives
urticaria
Cryosurgery uses __________ temperatures to destroy bad cells; What gas is used in the process? What may cause the patient to experience cramps/discomfort after the procedure?
freezing; liquid nitrogen; body is "defrosting" or returning to normal temperature
All healthcare facilities should develop an exposure control plan and review with their employees when?
upon hire, annually, and when updates occur
Low blood sugar
hypoglycemia
Which type of asepsis refers to killing ALL microorganisms including spores?
What is a spore?
Surgical asepsis
Microorganisms with a hard shell covering for protection- only killed by sterilization
Blisters
Treatment for sprains and/or strains
RICE
Rest, Ice, compression, elevation
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Actions to take if someone is having a seizure
Move objects out of the way, protect the patient's head, do NOT stick anything in patient's mouth, assist patient to side-lying position if possible, note characteristics of seizure, and how long seizure lasts
Term that means not able to speak
aphasia
When obtaining biopsies, all specimens should be put in this type of liquid
10% formalin
Within how many days should an employer offer their employee the Hepatitis B vaccination AT NO CHARGE
10 day of start of employment
another term for a mole
nevus
Steps for hand washing
1. Turn faucet on - warm water
2. Wet hands.
3. Apply soap
4. Use friction to clean hands for at least 20 seconds with hands pointing downward; interlace fingers, clean under fingernails
5. Rinse hands by allowing water to run in a downward direction.
6. Dry hands with paper towel.
7. Turn off faucet with a dry paper towel.
Full-thickness burns can extend into the muscle and possibly bone and have a charred appearance. What is this charred appearance called?
Eschar
Signs and symptoms of this emergency include: irritability, shakiness, sweating (diaphoresis), headache, tachycardia
Hypoglycemia
The first step in the cleaning process of instruments is what?
Sanitation- involves soaking instruments in special chemical or cleaning debris from the instruments prior to disinfecting them
What is a CVA
cerebrovascular accident (a stroke)
Term that means WEAKNESS on one side of the body
hemiparesis
Information found on WRITTEN discharge instructions
Activity restrictions, diet restrictions, wound care, medications to take, and follow up appointment details
OSHA mandates all employers to give training to employees on ____________ pathogens every year and upon hire
bloodborne
What is an HAI and/or nosocomial infection
infection acquired in the hospital
As long as blood or other debris not visible on the hands, this is an acceptable way of cleaning the hands;
How much should be applied;
Should contain a minimum of how much alcohol
Alcohol based hand sanitizer
dime-sized amount
60%
If you suspect someone is having a stroke but there symptoms resolve, do you need to call 911?
YES!!!
Causes of this emergency include hyperpyrexia, head trauma or epilepsy
Seizures
Name the common disinfectant used to clean surfaces in the medical office ?
Glutaraldehyde OR 1:10 bleach solution
Which government agency regulates and makes policies on keeping employees safe in the workplace?
OSHA- Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Term that mean PARALYSIS on one side of the body
hemiplegia
Endoscopy means to examine the inside of the body. What type of "scopy's" can be done and what part of the body are they observing?
What is the name of the instrument used in endocopy?
gastroscopy- views the stomach
colonoscopy- view the colon
sigmoidoscopy- views sigmoid part of the colon
OSHA mandates that in the event of a needle stick, exposure to chemical or harmful substance, or injury of patient or employee, this must be filled out promptly
incident report
NPO
nothing by mouth
An insect or other living organism that can spread microorganisms
vector
Any time bleeding occurs from an injury, after ensuring the patient is breathing and has a pulse you should do what and how?
Signs and symptoms of this emergency include: hemiplegia, facial droop, slurred speech, dysphagia
Stroke (CVA)
What are some measures you can implement in the medical office to prevent the spread of infectious agents (besides handwashing)
Clean the office daily (strict housekeeping)
Move sick and contagious patients from well-waiting areasDo not allow eating or drinking in the patient areas
Hang reminder signs on good hand hygiene and cough etiquette
Never apply these items to a burn
ointment, lotions, butter, creams, oils
Term that means difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
Using an electrical current and heat to burn or destroy tissue. A grounding pad MUST be placed on the patient to prevent them from getting burned
electrocauterization
How to pass the CCMA certification test
STUDY
Includes an infectious agent, a reservoir, a portal of exit, a mode of transmission, a portal of entry, and a susceptible host
Chain of infection
Any non-living object where microorganisms can live
a fomite
in the even of a burn, what area of the body is most concerning when burned?
What should you give a patient who may or may not have hypoglycemia (you are unsure if the sugar is too high or too low)
Always give sugar
What population of people are the most susceptible of getting infections from others?
very old, very young, and immunocompromised
What are biohazard bags made of?
Polyethylene or polypropylene (non-permeable- doesn't allow substances to leak through)
What does erythema mean?
redness (as in redness of a wound)
Signs and symptoms of infections
pain or swelling to site, hot to touch, foul odor, drainage from site (other than clear drainage), fever, red streaks from the site
OSHA mandate you do this AFTER you PASS the CCMA certification test
CELEBRATE
Machine used to sterilize instruments
autoclave
Why is skin prepped with Betadine (Povidine/Iodine) prior to cutting into the skin?
To kill bacterial on the skin so it doesn't enter the body when the skin is cut.
Incisions are usually intentional, whereas lacerations are usually _____________
In the event of a contusion or concussion, always monitor the patient's VITAL SIGNS and note any changes in their ___________________
behavior, orientation or mental status
What type of sanitation is done for delicate instruments to avoid damaging the equipment.
Ultrasonic sanitation- use of sound waves to loosen debris
How to fail the MA certification test
NOT STUDYING
What does hyperpyrexia mean?
very high fever
After a colonoscopy, the endoscope goes through an extensive cleansing process. How should the endoscope be hung to dry
Vertically
What will Mrs. Griggs do if you pass your CCMA certification test
BE SO VERYYYYY HAPPPPYYYYYYYY FOR YOU