CDS 2500 Unit 1

Planes/Direction

100

Adduction means: 

Moving structures closer together

200

The term "superior" refers to which of the following?

• Below, closer to the ground
• Toward the back of the body
• Above, farther from the ground
• Toward the midline of the body

Above, farther from the ground

300

What term refers to the division of the body into right and left halves?

Sagittal (longitudinal) plane

400

Which body plane divides the body into upper and lower halves?

Transverse plane

500

What does the term "origin" refer to in the context of muscle attachment?

• The muscle’s stationary attachment point
• The muscle’s point of maximum involvement
• The bone that moves during contraction
• The muscle that opposes the action of another muscle

The muscle’s stationary attachment point

Tissues and Muscle Functions

100

Which tissue is found only in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood?

Cardiac muscle tissue

200

This body tissue acts as the outer protective layer and lines internal organs:

Epithelial tissue

300

The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a key role in which of the following systems?

• Digestive system
• Skeletal system
• Respiratory and speech systems
• Reproductive system

Respiratory and speech systems

400

The main function of connective tissue is: 

To support and bind other tissues and organs

500

What is the main function of ligaments in the body?

They stabilize joints and connect bones to other bones

Skeletal and Respiratory Systems

100

This term refers to the study of bones:

Osteology

200

Which of the following statements about the skeletal system is true?

• It helps to regulate metabolism and hormones.
• It supports the body’s structure and protects vital organs
• It is responsible for transmitting electrical signals
• It provides the airflow necessary for speech

It supports the body’s structure and protects vital organs

300

What is the primary function of the respiratory system in speech production?

Powering airflow for sound production

400

• The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a key role in which system(s)?

Respiratory and speech systems

500

Which type of ligament connects bone to bone or cartilage to cartilage and provides little stretch?

Skeletal ligament

Neurology and Sensory Systems

100

Which brain structure is responsible for motor movement control and coordination?

Basal ganglia

200

Which lobe is responsible for processing and recognizing visual information, such as shapes and colors?

Occipital lobe

300

What role does the cerebellum play in the body?

• Regulating heart rate and breathing
• Integrating body sense with the motor plan for smooth and coordinated movements
• Processing visual and auditory information
• Relaying sensory signals to the cerebral cortex

Integrating body sense with the motor plan for smooth and coordinated movements

400

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for motor control of the tongue?

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

500

Which cranial nerve is involved in both sensory and motor functions, including sensation in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue and pharyngeal constriction for swallowing?

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Functional Movements

100

This term is used to describe the movement of two structures moving apart?

abduction

200

Which system is responsible for shaping raw sound into distinct speech sounds?

Articulatory system

300

The thalamus plays a role in which of the following?

• Producing neurotransmitters for communication between neurons
• Relaying sensory signals (except smell) to the cerebral cortex for processing
• Controlling heart rate and breathing
• Regulating emotions and self-perception

Relaying sensory signals (except smell) to the cerebral cortex for processing

400

What is the primary function of tendons?

To connect muscles to bones or cartilage

500

What is the main function of nervous tissue in speech and hearing?

To transmit electrical signals for communication and movement