Voice Production and Phonation
The primary purpose of this structure in the throat is to protect the lungs during swallowing.
The larynx
This is the lowest vocal register.
Glottal fry/pulse
This structure in the lungs is primarily responsible for gas exchange between the air and blood.
Alveoli
This vocal quality disturbance involves an audible escape of air, often making the voice sound soft and airy.
Breathiness
This term refers to the alignment of the jaws and how the upper and lower teeth fit together.
Occlusion
This space between the open true vocal folds allows air to pass through and produce sound.
This bone is unique because it connects tongue movement to the movement of the larynx, despite not articulating with any other bones.
Hyoid bone
This law explains that as the volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases, a principle essential for breathing.
Boyle's law
The absence of voice.
Aphonia
This condition, also known as "tongue-tie," can restrict tongue movement and affect speech and swallowing.
Ankyloglossia
This is the largest laryngeal cartilage that protects the vocal folds and is also known as the "Adam's apple."
Thyroid cartilage
This cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, critical for voice production.
Cranial nerve X- Vagus
This respiratory condition results in under-breathing, leading to excess carbon dioxide (CO2) buildup in the body.
Hypoventilation
This tool is used to measure the emotional, functional, and physical impacts of voice disorders on a patient’s life.
Voice Handicap Index (VHI)
This condition is characterized by denasalized nasal consonants due to insufficient nasal airflow.
This muscle is responsible for abducting the vocal folds, allowing us to breathe.
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
The deep layer of the lamina propria is primarily composed of this strong connective tissue component.
This type of lung disease reduces lung volumes while airflow remains preserved, making it harder to expand the lungs.
Restrictive lung disease
This auditory-perceptual tool is used by clinicians to evaluate and document vocal quality.
Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V)
This muscle is responsible for raising the velum during speech and swallowing to prevent nasal airflow.
Levator veli palatini muscle
This principle from physics explains how air pressure helps the vocal folds vibrate to produce sound.
Bernoulli effect
These paired cartilages in the larynx play a crucial role in vocal fold movement during speech and breathing.
Arytenoid cartilages
This common voice therapy technique, often used with patients who have Parkinson’s disease, focuses on increasing vocal loudness.
Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) or "Think Loud Therapy"
This voice disturbance is characterized by the simultaneous perception of two different pitches.
Diplophonia
This type of closure, involving the velum and pharyngeal walls, is essential for preventing nasal air escape during speech.
Velopharyngeal closure