atomic structure and isotopes
An eminent have 17 protons and 18 neutrons identify the element and write its isotopes
Chlorine-35 17 protons chlorine, 18 neutrons = mass 35
Explain why atomic radius increases down a group
More electron shells are added down a group increasing size
What type of bond forms between a metal and non- metal?
Ionic bond
Hydrogen bondying What is the strongest type of intermolecular force
Hydrogen bonging
Why are alkali highly reactive
Alkali metals easily lose 1 electron (low lionization energy)
Explain why ionic compounds have heights melting points
Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic attractions between ions requiring lots of energy to break
Why does ionization energy generally increase across a period?
Increasing nuclear charge pulls electrons closer making them harder to remove
Strong Explain why iconic compounds have high melting points
Strong ionic bond’s (electrostatic forces) require lots of energy to break
Why does water have a higher boiling point that H2S
Water has hydrogen bonding H2S does not
Explain why noble gases are mostly unreactive
Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic attractions between ions requiring lots if energy to break
Why do covalent compounds generally have lower melting points
Covalent compounds have weaker intermolecular forces so they melt at lower temperatures
Compare the atomic radius of Na and Cl explain using effective nuclear charge
Na is larger than Cl because is has fewer protons pulling on its electrons
Why do covalent compounds generally have lower melting points?
Weak intermolecular forces between molecules
Identify the IMF president in CH4-
London dispersion forces
Which is more reactive: K or Li? Explain using periodic trends
Covalent compounds have weaker intermolecular faces so they melt at lower temperatures
A student says “if an atom loses electrons it becomes a different element”is this correct
Incorrect losing electrons makes it and ion not a different element
A student says “fluorine has a small atomic radius,so its nucleus must be weak” is this correct
Incorrect fluorine’s small radius means strong nuclear attraction not weak
A student says “ionic compounds conduct electricity because electrons move freely”
Is this correct?
Incorrect ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved not as solids
A student says “ hydrogen bonding occurs in all molecules containing hydrogen”
Is this correct
Incorrect hydrogen bonding only occurs with H bonded to N,O or F
Incorrect losA student says “Elements on the right side of the periodic table do not react
Incorrect losing elections makes it an ion not a different element
An ion has 20 protons and 18 electrons. Identify the ion and determine its charge
Ca2+ 20 protons = calcium, 18 electrons +2 charges
Mg is laPredict which has that larger atomic radius:Mg2+ or Mg please explain
Mg is larger than Mg2+ losing electrons shrinks the ion
Predict whether ALCL3 is more ionic or covalent and justify your reasoning
AlCl3 is more covalent Al3+ strongly polarizes Cl-
Explain why London dispersion forces increase with molar mass
Lager molecules have more electrons = stronger temporary dipoles = stronger dispersion forces
Predict how reactivity changes down the halogen group and explain why
Ca2+ , 20 protons = calcium 18 electrons-+2 charges