New Mexico Forests
_____ _______ are fungal diseases whose symptoms show on the whole tree crown uniformly.
What is/are root disease(s)?
What is the purpose of a forest vulnerability assessment?
What are identifying risks and stressors that affects forest ecosystems and to help inform management decisions to increase resilience?
Determine the term:
Definition - field surveys confirm if a species actually exists in a predicted area.What is ground-truthing?
Which two specific agencies oversee public and private forest lands, ensuring that harvesting does not exceed a forests’ ability to regrow?
[Bolded in page 2 of Key Topic 4]
What are the U.S. Forest Service and New Mexico State Forestry Division?
What is the scientific name of emerald ash borer?
What is Agrilus planipennis?
This infection can be identified by an erratic and profuse growth of branches in the crown, referred to as the ____ ____.
What is the witches broom?
According to the United States Forest Service (USFS), _____ ______ is the ability of a system or species to cope with change, and is often confused with _______.
What are adaptive capacity and sensitivity?
What are they?
The key characteristics of historical fires were these 3…
What are (1) frequent, low intensity fires, (2) indigenous fire stewardship, and (3) lightning-caused fires.
List all 4 abiotic and 4 biotic disturbance agents.
(Abiotic) What are drought, fire, wind, and geomorphology & gravity?
(Biotic) What are insects, disease, grazing, and direct human impacts?
What is the scientific name of dwarf mistletoe?
What is Arceuthobium spp.?
In New Mexico, the ____ ___ _____ ____ is an exotic disease that was introduced to North America in the early 1900s from Europe.
What is the white pine blister rust?
Define shocks and stressors & give examples of each.
(Shocks) What are acute environmental, social, or economic events that challenge human and environmental systems that -communities rely on.
Examples: natural disasters, pandemics, abrupt economic transitions, and cyber security attacks.
(Stressors) What are chronic pressures that affect people and natural, managed, and socioeconomic systems.
Examples: chronic health conditions, economic distress, housing insecurity, uninsured status, eroding infrastructure, and prolonged drought.
The three steps to further evaluate datasets are to seek..
What are the quality of the data source, selection of observed variables, and additional context?
The Forest Service National Ecosystem Services Strategy Team (NESST) identified 3 opportunities for taking an ecosystem service approach. What are they?
What are analysis & decision-making, measurement & reporting, and investing in ecosystem services?
Who are the hosts of true mistletoe(s)?
What are junipers and various hardwoods?
The ______ _____ __________ is a strategy that takes the entire ecosystem into consideration and recognizes the valuable role that insects and diseases play in a healthy forest.
What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
The AC Wheel is organized into _ categories which are… (list all)
In 1910, the Big Burn had occurred. Elaborate on what happened in this event.
What is a massive wildfire in Montana and Idaho that burned 3 million acres and killed 86 people, prompting the USFS to adopt a policy of full fire suppression?
______ monitoring established monitoring establishes monitoring locations across large areas. _______ monitoring assesses particular areas based on specific objectives. _______ monitoring focuses on evaluating resilience and adaptation outcomes that result from on-the-ground activities.
What are systematic, targeted, and effectiveness (monitoring)?
List all of the defoliators. [there are 10]
What are the pinyon pine sawfly, pinyon needle scale, pandora moth, pine sawflies, pine needle miner, western tent caterpillar, black leaf spot, douglas-fir tussock moth, western spruce budworm, and spruce aphid?
What are the 4 combination techniques that the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) lists?
What is biological control, habitat manipulation, modification of cultural practices, and use of disease-resistant varieties?
Name all 10 adaptation strategies and approaches. [does not have to be in order]
What are the:
Strategy 1: Sustain fundamental ecological functions
Strategy 2: Reduce the impact of biological stressors
Strategy 3: Reduce the risk and long-term impacts of severe disturbances
Strategy 4: Maintain or create refugia
Strategy 5: Maintain and enhance species and structural diversity
Strategy 6: Increase ecosystem redundancy across the landscape
Strategy 7: Promote landscape connectivity
Strategy 8: Maintain and enhance genetic diversity
Strategy 9: Facilitate community adjustments through species transitions.
Strategy 10: Realign ecosystems after disturbance
[Must include the years]
What are the Leopold Report (1963), Prescribed Burn Programs (1978), and Yellowstone Fires (1988)?
List as many Landmark Laws as you can, along with their years.
Instead of $1000, it’s $100 per law [there are 13].
What are the:
List all of the bark beetles: [there are 8]
What are the pinyon ips., cedar bark beetles, douglas-fir beetle, emerald ash borer, fir engraver, mountain pine beetle, spruce beetle, and western balsam bark beetle?