Energy (break down sugars) and structure (make up parts of cell membrane)
100
Items can cross the cell membrane because it is __________________ (2 words), like a drawbridge.
selectively permeable.
100
This requires a cell to use energy (ATP)
Active Transport
100
What is the source of energy driving photosynthesis?
The sun
100
What does respiration mean (in terms of what cells do)?
obtaining energy from glucose (sugar) molecules by breaking them down.
200
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element is a specific type of atom. A compound is two or more atoms (same or different type of element) chemically combined.
200
When molecules move across the cell membrane and move from high concentration to low concentration it is called _________________.
diffusion
200
Diffusion is an example of this.
Passive transport
200
Do autotrophs or heterotrophs get their energy DIRECTLY from photosynthesis?
Do autotrophs or heterotrophs get their energy INDIRECTLY from photosynthesis?
Explain your answers.
Directly = autotrophs
indirectly = heterotrophs
200
What are the two types of fermentation? What kind happens in our cells sometimes?
alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation.
300
Waxes, oils, and fats are examples of which organic compound?
What are lipids?
300
When water moves across a cell membrane from high to low concentration it is called _____________.
osmosis
300
Engulfing is an example of this.
Active Transport
300
Describe what happens in the two stages of photosynthesis.
Stage 1: choloroplasts absorb (trap) energy from sunlight to be used in stage 2.
Stage 2: the chloroplasts use the energy from stage 1 to combine carbon dioxide and water to make glucose (sugars)
300
What does a cell need for respiration to take place? What is produced during respiration?
Needs: glucose (sugar) and oxygen
Produces: energy, carbon dioxide, and water
400
What are the two types of nucleic acid we studied?
DNA and RNA
400
Some molecules can diffuse across the cell membrane, but they are large, so they need help from ___________ to get across. These are stuck in the cell membrane and help these large molecules cross the membrane.
transport protein
400
In this type of transport, particles move from low concentration to high concentration.
Active Transport
400
What part of a leaf lets in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen during photosynthesis?
What part of a plant takes in water for photosynthesis?
Stomata
Roots
400
What happens in the first stage of respiration? Where does this happen?
glucose molecules are broken down into smaller molecules, a small amount of energy is produced. This takes place in the cytoplasm.
500
What are the four types of organic compound we studied?
Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids
500
Sometimes, cells take in very large molecules (like food) by surrounding it with its cell membrane and absorbing the molecule. This is called _____________.
Engulfing.
500
In this type of transport, particles move from high concentration to low concentration.
Passive Transport
500
What does a cell need for photosynthesis to happen?
What is produced in photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide, water, energy from the sun
sugars (glucose), oxygen
500
What happens in the second stage of respiration? Where does this take place?
The smaller molecules (from glucose) are broken down again, oxygen is used, and a large amount of energy is produced. This takes place in the mitochondria.