DNA Replication
The model of DNA replication where each parent strand is used as a complete template for 2 new daughter strands.
What is semiconservative replication?
This molecule serves as the bridge between DNA and protein.
These non-coding coding regions are removed from pre-mRNA during splicing.
What are introns?
This 3-nucleotide sequence codes for a specific amino acid.
What is a codon?
This type of mutation changes one amino acid into another.
What is a missense mutation?
This enzyme relieves twisting strain ahead of the replication fork by breaking and rejoining DNA strands.
What is topoisomerase?
This region is located immediately upstream of a gene and binds RNA polymerase for transcription initiation.
What is the promoter?
What is the first RNA modification added shortly after transcription begins?
What is the 5' cap?
This RNA molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
This type of mutation introduces a premature stop codon.
What is a nonsense mutation?
These short DNA fragments are synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand.
What are Okazaki fragments?
This strand of DNA is read by RNA polymerase during transcription.
What is the template strand?
This 3' RNA modification protects the mRNA from degradation.
What is the polyA tail?
This molecule binds stop codons during translation termination instead of a tRNA.
What is a release factor?
Insertions or deletions not divisible by 3 cause this type of mutation.
What is a frameshift mutation.
These proteins stabilize separated DNA strands during replication.
What are single-strand binding proteins (SSBPs)?
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in this cellular location.
What is the nucleus?
This process allows one gene to produce multiple protein variants by combining exons differently.
This organelle is bound by ribosomes translating proteins destined for secretion.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
This built-in capability of DNA polymerase greatly reduces replication errors.
DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in this direction.
What is 5' to 3'?
These proteins help recruit and position RNA polymerase at the promoter for transcription initiation.
What are Transcription Factors?
These ribonucleoprotein complexes perform splicing in eukaryotic cells.
What are snRNPs?
These are the 3 ribosomal binding sites for tRNAs.
What are the A, P, and E sites?
Mutations in this base of the codon often results in silent mutations.
What is the wobble base?