PROKARYOTE VS. EUKARYOTE
What major structure separates eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
A nucleus
What organelle provides energy by converting glucose into ATP?
Mitochondria
What type of transport moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration without energy?
Passive transport
Osmosis is the movement of water across what type of membrane?
A selectively permeable membrane
What organelle performs photosynthesis in plant cells?
Chloroplasts
Which type of cell evolved first: prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic cells
Which organelle stores genetic information?
The nucleus
What type of cell transport requires ATP to move molecules against the concentration gradient?
Active transport
What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?
It loses water and shrinks
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
To produce ATP energy
Which type of cell contains DNA in a circular shape?
Prokaryotic cells
Which organelle is responsible for producing proteins?
Ribosomes
What is it called when molecules spread out evenly across a membrane?
Diffusion
What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?
It gains water and swells
What pigment inside chloroplasts absorbs sunlight?
Chlorophyll
Plants, animals, fungi, and protists all belong to which cell type?
Eukaryotes
Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
The Golgi apparatus
What process uses protein channels to help large molecules cross the membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the name for an equal concentration of water inside and outside the cell?
Isotonic
What gas is required for cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Which cell type divides using binary fission instead of mitosis?
Prokaryotes
Which organelle helps maintain cell shape and movement using protein fibers?
The cytoskeleton
When a cell brings in large particles by surrounding them with the membrane, what is this process called?
Endocytosis
What pressure inside plant cells helps keep plants firm and upright?
Turgor pressure