Living Things & Cell Theory
This is the smallest structural and functional unit of life.
What is a cell?
This structure contains the home of the cell's genetic material, DNA.
What is the nucleus?
These tiny structures build proteins.
What are ribosomes?
This rigid layer outside the cell membrane supports and protects a plant cell.
What is the cell wall?
This process uses light energy to make a chemical source of energy.
What is photosynthesis?
A plant bending towards a window demonstrates this characteristic of living things.
What is responding to a stimulus?
This selectively permeable barrier controls what enters and leaves a cell.
What is the cell (or plasma) membrane?
This structure modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport.
What is the golgi apparatus?
This organelle captures light energy for photosynthesis.
What is a chloroplast?
This sugar is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration.
What is glucose?
According to cell theory, all new cells come from these.
What are existing cells?
This membrane network has a smooth form that produces lipids and a rough form with ribosomes attached.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
These small membrane-bound sacs transport materials around or out of a cell.
What are vesicles?
Both plant and animal cells use these organelles to release usable energy from food.
What are mitochondria?
These are the two substances used in photosynthesis, along with light energy.
What are carbon dioxide and water?
Keeping internal conditions relatively stable is called this.
What is homeostasis?
This organelle contains enzymes that digest waste and worn-out cell parts.
What is a lysosome?
This organelle breaks down fatty acids and helps protect the cell by breaking down harmful substances such as hydrogen peroxide.
What is a peroxisome?
These are two structures found in a typcial green leaf cell that are absent from animal cells.
What are chloroplasts and a cell wall?
Cellular respiration uses this reactant and glucose to produce this reactant and water while creating usable energy in the form of ATP.
What are the reactant oxygen and the product carbon dioxide?
A virus's structural composition and its ability to replicate itself lead scientists to classify viruses as non-living. Name the two reasons.
Name both: the fluid portion of a cell's interior and the broader term that includes the jelly-like fluid and organelles outside the nucleus.
What are the cytosol and cytoplasm, respectively?
Name both: the structure that helps form ribosomes and the protein framework that supports cell shape and internal movement.
What are the nucleolus and cytoskeleton, respectively?
A student notices that a cell lacks chloroplasts when observed under the microscope and concludes that the cell must be an animal cell. The teacher says this is incorrect. This structure was observed by the teacher.
What is a cell wall or a root hair?
A muscle cell has many more copies of this organelle compared to the average cell because it requires it to perform repeated contractions.
What is the mitochondria?