Organelles
this organelle contains the genetic information of the cell
nucleus
this is the smallest unit of life
cell
A version of a gene is called _____
an allele
____ are the building blocks of proteins
amino acids
Saliva is involved in this type of digestion
Chemical digestion
this organelle only exists in plant cells
- chloroplast
- cell wall
- vacuole
cells that contain only one set of chromosomes are called ____
haploid cells
humans have ___ pairs of chromosomes
humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total)
protein synthesis occurs in this organelle
ribosome
The small intestine contains small structures called ___ to increase its surface area for absorbing nutrients
villi
the fluid that organelles are suspended in inside the cell membrane is called ___
cytoplasm
which step of meiosis creates genetic diversity?
crossing over in prophase I
a heterozygous genotype contains ___
One dominant allele and one recessive allele
codons are groups of ____ nucleotide bases on RNA
3 nucleotide bases
The muscle movements that hep push food through the digestive system
Peristalsis
this organelle breaks down food and releases energy
mitochondria
this form of reproduction only requires one parent
asexual reproduction
In dogs, black fur (B) is a dominant trait and brown fur (b) is recessive.
If a homozygous dominant dog with black fur has offspring with a brown fur dog, what percentage of offspring will have black fur?
100%
what are the two stages of protein synthesis?
transcription and translation
the epiglottis prevents food from entering ___
the larynx / the respiratory tract
this organelle helps move things around inside the cell
golgi bady
the products of mitosis are ____ (two answers)
- diploid
-genetically identical to parent
In squirrels, grey fur (G) is dominant and white fur (g) is recessive.
If a heterozygous grey squirrel has offspring with a white squirrel, what will be the phenotypes of the offspring? (in percentages)
50% grey
50% white
using the following DNA strand, identify the amino acids it codes for:
CGTTACGGCAATGCG
Met - Pro - stop
pancreatic juices contain this compound that neutralizes the leftover stomach acid in chyme
bicarbonate