Cell Size
What is the range of the typical cell sizes?
2-200 micrometers
_________ are the dark-staining structures that contain genetic material that is copied & passed from generation to generation of cells
chromosomes
____________ cells divide by binary fission.
Prokaryotic
What happens to chromosomes in metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell along the metaphase plate
True or false: Cells will enter G0 state if it does not "pass" the checkpoint; meaning necessary nutrients are not present.
True
True or false: DNA can only be copied accurately at a certain speed.
True
Most of the time, chromosomes exist as ___________
Chromatin
True or false: Prokaryotes have 46 chromosomes like human somatic cells do.
False
___________ is when sister chromatids separate from each other and move away towards opposite ends of the cell.
Anaphase
A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many daughter cells are created? ___ Each daughter cell has ___ chromosomes.
2, 10
True or false: During the cell cycle, interphase lasts longer than mitosis.
True
During ________ of mitosis, the chromatin coils up into visible (or distinguishable) chromosomes
prophase
How many cells does binary fission begin with?
1
What happens during prophase?
Nucleus begins to disappear, chromosomes condense into a visible form, and centrioles (animal cells) move towards opposite ends of cell.
How many chromosomes will be found in each of the two new cells formed as a result of mitotic cell division?
the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Select the BEST response as to why multicellular organisms needs to undergo mitosis:
To repair damaged cells and for growth and development
___________ hold the sister chromatids together
centromeres
How many circular chromosomes do prokaryotic cells typically have?
1
List all the stages of mitosis in order.
PMAT (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)
List the three parts of Interphase.
G1 (Growth and protein synthesis), S phase (DNA replication, and G2 (growth and preparation for division)
Describe why surface area to volume ratio is a limit to cell size
When volume gets too big, the cell has more waste to excrete and nutrients to take in, so diffusion becomes less effective and DNA is overloaded which impairs cell function.
How many chromosomes do somatic cells have?
46 chromosomes
What is the end result of binary fission?
2 new daughter cells with exact copies of the original DNA exist
What happens in telophase?
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the reappearance of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase