DNA Review
What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What are the three main phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
What occurs during Prophase?
Spindle Fibers are created to attach to chromosomes, Nucleus membrane disappears, and DNA condenses into chromosomes
During which phase does the cytoplasm divide?
cytokinesis
Which phase of the cell cycle is the main period of growth and development?
Interphase
What is the condensed, X shape form of DNA called?
Chromosomes
During which phase does the nucleus divide?
Mitosis
How many stages are there in the Interphase phase of the cell cycle?
3
What are the 4 phases in the mitosis phase of the cell cycle? (In order)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
During this stage of mitosis, the nuclear membrane forms in each new cell
Telophase
If a strand of DNA reads 5' A T C C G T A 3' What would the complementary strand read?
3' T A G G C A T 5'
What is produced at the end of the Mitosis?
2 identical daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
What are duplicated chromosomes called?
sister chromatids
During this stage of mitosis, chromatids separate and move to opposite sides.
Anaphase
What type of cells go through the cell cycle to reproduce? (eukaryotic or prokaryotic)
eukaryotic
What are the three components that build nucleotides?
Deoxyribose sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
During what stage of the cell cycle does the cell grow and copy it's DNA?
Interphase
In metaphase what occurs ?
All chromosomes align in the middle of the cell to be separated evenly.
Why is the cell cycle important to multicellular organisms?
It allows them to produce more cells for growth, to replace cells, and to repair damage.
What is the result of uncontrolled cell division?
Cancer
What is the name of a section of DNA that codes for a trait?
A gene
The nucleolus disappears during which phase of mitosis?
Prophase
What monitors the cell cycle and decides if a cell should divide?
Checkpoint Protien
What is the name of the tiny tube-like structures made of protein that move chromosomes?
Spindle fibers
List two reasons why a cell will decide not to divide.
There are not enough nutrients to support cell growth
DNA has not been replicated
DNA is damaged