Cell Cycle
What are the three phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Mitosis (Meiosis for sexual reproduction)
Interphase
During which phase of the cell cycle is chromatin (chromosomes) duplicated?
Interphase
During which main phase of the cell cycle is the cytoplasm divided?
Cytokinesis
Mitiosis consists of PMAT. What does PMAT, stand for?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
How is the cell cycle important to multicellular organisms?
It allows them to produce more cells for growth, to replace cells, and to repair damage.
Which phase of the cell cycle is the period of growth and development?
Interphase
During which phase do the nucleus and DNA divide?
Mitotic
How many stages are there in the Interphase phase of the cell cycle?
3
What are two things associated with Interphase?
Day to day functions
DNA Replicated
Cell prepares for Division
Organelles Replicated
When a chromosome duplicates, what is the second one called
Sister Chromatids
How are interphase and the mitotic phase related?
Interphase prepares the cell to reproduce in the mitotic phase.
What are the 3 stages of of the Cell Cycle?
Interphase - Mitosis - Cytokinesis
What happens during the Interphase before the cell prepares for division?
Cell is functioning normally
Why does the DNA have to be duplicated before the cell can divide?
An organisms DNA is their instructions for life, so without DNA there can not be life. IF the cell were to divide and the two new cells did not have the correct number of DNA, or a complete set then the two new organisms would not function and die.
During this stage, the nucleus splits into 2
Telophase
DNA can be organized into ________ units, called Chromosomes.
condensed
coiled tightly
rod-shaped
What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?
In mitosis, the nucleus and its contents divide into 2 identical nuclei.
In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm and its contents divide, spliting the cell into two cells.
During the S phase of Interphase a cell's chromosome count when from 8 to 16. What happens during S phase of interphase?
The DNA is duplicated.
How is the cell cycle important to some unicellular organisms?
It allows some unicellular organisms to reproudce by producing 2 identical organisms from 1 parent organism.
DNA condenses into Chromosomes , nucleus dissolves, spindle fibers form
Prophase
_________ = part of the chromosome where, sister chromatids are held together.
Centromeres
What happens during interphase?
The cell completes normal functions and lives its day to day life.
Once the cell is ready to divide it will growth and replicate its organelles, replication of DNA, and preparation for cell division.
A cell spends 90% of its life in Interphase.
What is produced at the end of the cell cycle with Mitosis?
2 identical daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
How does a cell at the end of the first phase of the cell cycle differ from a cell at the end of the second/third phase?
At the end of the first phase (interphase), a cell has grown, organelles have been replicated, chromosomes have been replicated. At the end of the 2nd(Mitosis/Cytokinesis), chromosomes and cytoplasm have been divided. Cell has become 2 identical cells.
Chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane of the cell
Metaphase
Holds our genetic information
DNA