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DNA
DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis
Cell Cycle
Mitosis
Meiosis
100
In a DNA molecule, thymine always pairs with this molecule?
Adenine
100

What is the purpose of DNA replication?

What is to make sure that each new daughter cell has an exact copy of DNA!

100
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis.
What are the 3 main phases (stages) of the cell cycle?
100
In the phase, the nuclear membranes return, sister chromatids relax into a mass of chromatin in the nucleus.
What is Telophase?
100

What is the end result after meiosis and cytokinesis

What is 

4 haploid daughter cells

200
It is a double helix
What is the shape of DNA?
200

Which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur in?

Interphase (synthesis) 

200
The phase the cell spends the most time in during cell division
Interphase
200
During this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell, and each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere, which still holds the chromatids together.
What is metaphase?
200
The phases of mitosis in order from when they begin after interphase are these.
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
300
The scientists that discovered DNA structure are?
Watson & Crick
300

Describe Crossing over.

What is 

creates new combinations of genes and traits in gametes and offspring.

300
This is the stage during the cell cycle when the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei.
What is mitosis?
300
In this phase, the sister chromatids are being pulled apart as spindle fibers shorten.
What is Anaphase?
300

Genetic information is stored in packages of DNA. Humans have 46 pairs of these.

What are chromosomes?

400

Pair the correct DNA bases.

A-T-C-G-A-C-G

What is

T-A-G-C-T-G-C

400

One human disease is caused by a change in one codon in a gene from AAU to AAG.  This disease is the result of  __________.

What is Substitution Mutation?

400
The phase where cells spend the majority of their time.
What is Interphase?
400
What is the purpose of Mitosis?
To separate the genetic material, start the division process and prepare for the final division (cytokinesis)
400
What are the 3 functions of cell division?
Growth, Repair & reproduction
500
The sides of the DNA ladder are made of molecules of deoxyribose and this other molecule?
What is phosphate?
500

1. Describe Transcription. 

2. Describe Translation.

1. DNA -> RNA

2. RNA -> Ribosome (tRNA) -> Amino Acids chain

500
These are what are formed during cytokinesis after the pinching part of the process occurs in animal cells.
What are two new daughter cells
500

Name the difference between the end of mitosis versus the end of meiosis.

What is Mitosis has 2 identical somatic (body) cells while meiosis has four haploid (half the #of chromosomes) gametes?

500

A scientist puts nucleotide chains with bases AAAAAA in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis.  Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed of only the amino acid lysine.  What does this experiment indicate?

What is AAA is the codon for lysine