DNA Structure
In a DNA molecule, thymine always pairs with ______, and guanine pairs with ______ this molecule?
Adenine & Cytosine
All living organisms contain
What is genetic material composed of DNA
What are the 3 main stages of Interphase
What is G1, S phase, and G2
In this phase, the nuclear membranes returns, DNA is decondenses, and cell membrane starts pinching in
What is Telophase?
DNA stands for
What is Deoxyribonucleic acid
The bases are paired together with
What is hydrogen bonds
DNA synthesis [replication] occurs in
What is S phase
What is the outcome of a cell going through the cell cycle
What is two identical daughter cells
During ______ of mitosis, the chromosomes line up in the _______ plate across the center of the cell, and each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber.
What is metaphase and equatorial
5' - TAAGGGCATGGC - 3' [What is the complementary strand]
What is: 3' - ATTCCCGTACCG - 5'
The components of a DNA nucleotide
What is deoxyribose, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
During DNA replication helicase
What is breaks hydrogen bonds [opens/unzip] DNA to expose single strands
The role of the cell cycle checkpoints
What is check for DNA damage or mutations the cell will either repair or program cell death.
In this phase, one set of chromosomes are being pulled apart as spindle fibers contract.
What is Anaphase?
Genetic information is stored in packages of DNA.
What are chromosomes?
DNA strands are antiparallel (give direction of DNA)
What is 5' to 3'
DNA polymerase is responsible for
What is matching the correct nucleotides in DNA replication
DNA replication occurs in ______ phase and produces ____ sets of DNA
What is S phase and 2
During cytokineses _____ divides and the cell membrane pinches to form 2 _________________
What is cytoplasm and genetically identical daughter cells.
A-T forms ______ hydrogen bonds and G-C forms ______ hydrogen bonds
What is 2 and 3
The backbone of DNA is composed of
What is the phosphate group and deoxyribose
How is DNA replicated [show with hands and describe steps]
What is untwisting, break hydrogen bonds, add new base pairs, and 2 identical copies of DNA
What occurs when cells skip G0 and checkpoints fail?
What is tumor/cancer
In prophase
What is the nucleus dissolves, DNA condenses so that chromosomes become visible, and spindle fibers form.
The difference between the leading and lagging strand
What is:
the leading strand - Continuous replication 3' to 5'
the lagging strand - discontinuous replication [Okazaki fragment formation]